TRADITIONAL POSTER - ismrm

Poster Sessions
using both DTI and DSI measurements acquired from a HYDI approach. Standard DTI measures and Po are compared to see if one or both are sensitive to
changes in myelin content between shp and control, as well as to more subtle differences between two diseased pups.
2136. Ex Vivo Visualization of Cortical Lesions in Non-Human Primates with MS Using Inversion Recovery
Experiments
Erwin Lambert Blezer 1 , Yolanda S. Kap 2 , Jan Bauer 3 , Bert L. 't Hart 2
1 Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; 2 Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical
Primate Research Center, Rijswijk, Netherlands; 3 Brain Research Institute, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Cortical pathology is an important feature of MS. However visualization with MRI is poor although sensitivity is increased using FLAIR and Double
Inversion Recovery (suppression of CSF and white matter) experiments. Various inversion recovery experiments were tested ex vivo on brains of marmoset
with MS, which develop cortical lesions, in their ability to improve cortical lesion detection. Experiments included settings of inversion times in which CSF,
white or grey matter was suppressed and a DIR experiment in which both white and grey matter was suppressed. Cortical lesions were best visualized after
suppression of white matter or in the DIR experiment.
2137. Increasing Diffusion Time Improves in Vivo DTI Sensitivity to White Matter Degeneration
Ying-Jr Chen 1 , Joong Hee Kim 1 , Jian Wang 1 , Tsang-Wei Tu, 12 , Sheng-Kwei Song 1
1 Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States; 2 Mechanical, Aerospace and Structural Engineering,
Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
The sensitivities of detecting white matter injury using 6 ms and 38 ms diffusion time were examined in the present study. We demonstrated that increased
diffusion time in diffusion tensor imaging measurements improves the sensitivity of detecting axonal injury and myelin damage in cuprizone treated mice.
In the cuprizone model of demyelination, axonal injury was seen as significantly decreased axial diffusivity at both 6 and 38 ms diffusion time with more
significantly decreased axial diffusivity observed at longer diffusion time.
2138. The Effect of Systemic Depletion of Natural Killer Cells in an EAE Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Examined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Bioluminescence Imaging
Gregory Harrison Turner 1 , Junwei Hao 2 , Ruolan Liu 2 , Wenhua Piao 2 , Timothy L. Vollmer 3 , Rong Xiang 4 ,
Antonio La Cava 5 , Denise I. Campagnolo 2 , Luc Van Kaer 6 , Fu-Dong Shi 2
1 Keller Center for Imaging Innovation, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States; 2 Neurology, Barrow Neurological
Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States; 3 Neurology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States;
4 Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; 5 Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States;
6 Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
Natural killer (NK) cells of the innate immune system can profoundly impact the development of adaptive immune responses against foreign invaders, as
well as self-antigens. In this study a combination of in vivo MRI and bioluminescence imaging was used to investigate effects of systemic depletion of NK
cells on lesion development in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis. The results of this study suggest
organ-specific activity of NK cells on the magnitude of CNS inflammation.
Imaging of Psychiatric Disorders
Hall B Thursday 13:30-15:30
2139. Glutamate, Glutamine, NAA, and GABA Levels in Hippocampus in Schizophrenia as Measured by
1H-MRS at 3T
Ana Stan 1 , Perry Mihalakos 2 , Deborah Douglas 3 , Stephanie Morris 2 , Changho Choi 3 , Carol Tamminga 2
1 Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; 2 Psychiatry,
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; 3 Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
We report a result of a 3T 1H-MRS study in schizophrenia. The concentrations of glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), and N-acetylaspatate (NAA) in
hippocampus (voxel 50x15x15 mm) were measured using a triple refocusing sequence. GABA was measured with a difference editing method. MRS scans
were conducted on 13 schizophrenia volunteers (10 on medication (SV-ON) and 3 off-medication (SV-OFF)) and 14 normal volunteers (NV). LCModel
fitting was used for spectral analysis. [Glu]/[Cr] was observed to be similar between NV and SV-ON (p = 0.4). However, [Glu]/[Cr] in SV-OFF was
significantly lower (~30%) than in both NV and SV-ON (p = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). For Gln, the concentrations were about the same between the three
groups (p > 0.2). Compared to NV, [NAA]/[Cr] was reduced (by 10%) in SV-ON (p = 0.006), but not in SV-OFF (p = 0.55). The GABA data showed
difference between SV-OFF and SV-ON (p = 0.05).
2140. Asymmetry Patterns of Association Fibers in Schizophrenia: Preliminary Results Using Diffusion
Spectrum Imaging Tractography
Yu-Chun Lo 1 , Su-Chun Huang 2 , Hai-Gwo Hwu 3 , Chih-Min Liu 3 , Chen-Chung Liu 3 , Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng 2,4
1 Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan; 2 Institute of Biomedical Engineering,
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan; 3 Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei,
Taiwan; 4 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
Three association fibers connecting the frontal and temporal lobes and three commissural fibers connecting the bilateral orbitofrontal lobes, inferior frontal
gyri, and superior temporal gyri related to the social and language functions that might serve the neuropsychopathology of patients with schizophrenia
inferred from diffusion spectrum imaging tractography. In neurotypical participants, a consistent leftward asymmetry in the three pairs of association fibers