English-Russian- Georgian Glossary of Terms Used in ... - aarhus

АНАЛИЗ ЗАТРАТ И ВЫГОД
Перечень материальных и нематериальных
преимуществ и недостатков, позволяющий
оценить затраты и выгоды, возникающие,
например, в результате соблюдения требований
законодательства или внедрения более
чистого производства.
danaxarjebisa da sargebelis
analizi
materialuri da aramaterialuri
upiratesobebisa da naklovanebebis
CamonaTvali, romelic saSualebas iZleva
Sefasdes danaxarjebi da sargeblebi,
romlebic warmoiSobian, magaliTad,
kanonmdeblobis moTxovnaTa dacvisa an
ufro sufTa warmoebis danergvis
Sedegad.
COURT OF APPEAL
A court for the hearing of appeals in cases of
complaints and protests against court rulings,
decisions of courts of original jurisdiction and
court judgements which have not come into
legal force. For example, if a court rules that
criminal proceedings be brought against an
official for significant damage caused to the
environment as a result of the pollution, he may
protest that decision, turning to the higher court
which has the right to confirm or override the
decision of the lower court.
АПЕЛЛЯЦИОННЫЙ СУД
Суд, рассматривающий апелляции в случаях
обжалования и опротестования судебных
решений, решений судов первой инстанции,
а также не вступивших в силу судебных решений.
Например, если суд принимает решение
об уголовном преследовании должностного
лица за нанесение значительного ущерба
окружающей среде в результате ее загрязнения,
такое должностное лицо может опротестовать
данное решение суда в апелляционном
суде, обратившись в суд более высокой
инстанции, обладающий правом утверждать
или отменять решения нижестоящих
судов.
saapelacio sasamarTlo
sasamarTlo, romelic ganixilavs
apelaciebs sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebaTa,
pirveli instanciis sasamarTlo
gadawyvetilebaTa, aseve ZalaSi
arSesuli sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebaTa
80
gasaCivrebisa da gaprotestebis
SemTxvevaSi. magaliTad, Tu sasamarTlo
iRebs gadawyvetilebas Tanamdebobis
piris mimarT sisxlis samarTlis
pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb garemoze
miyenebuli mniSvnelovani zianis gamo,
Tanamdebobis pirs SeuZlia gaasaCivros
aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba - mimarTos
ufro maRali instanciis sasamarTlos,
romelsac gaaCnia qvemdgomi instanciis
sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi
datovebis an gauqmebis ufleba.
COVENANT
Agreement between at least two parties. The
word is used in covenant policies in which an
agreement between the industry (as an
organisation) and the government is signed to
reduce emissions or change a process or
sometimes stop operating completely. The
Dutch system of covenants represents (in
European terms) an unusual hybrid, since these
agreements both address collective and sector
wide environmental issues and are legally
binding on individual companies through the
permit system, and are thus intimately linked to
mainstream command and control. They form a
key component of Dutch environmental policy.
They set stringent quantitative pollution
abatement targets for over 200 substances,
premised on the basis that such targets can only
be reached if industry accepts a greater share of
responsibility in developing and implementing
pollution abatement measures. Covenants have
the status of contracts in civil law. There are two
agreements. The first, a declaration of intent, is
signed by the government and a branch (i.e.
industry) association. This contract has no legal
value, but it serves as a framework for the
second type of contract, namely a series of
agreements between the government and
individual firms willing to join the covenant
scheme. These individual contracts may imply
firms’ liability in a civil court. The covenants
are also tightly linked to the permit system,
which defines detailed emission standards for
each individual site to be able to operate.
Covenants are linked to this system, as their
pollution abatement targets are eventually
integrated into the permit requirements.
Individual monitoring and sanctioning of firms
in the covenant system is executed via the
permit system. Firms whose company
environmental plans (which indicate their