Main trends of research in the social and human ... - unesdoc - Unesco

650 Stein Rokkan
Z I N N well-known example is the four-city
study of social mobility organized by
the Latin American Centre for Social
Science Research at Rio de Janeiro : the
instruments were jointly designed and
the data gathering operations carried
out roughly as agreed, but there was
hardly any international collaboration
in the further processing of the data.*
I Z I N This represents the next step toward full
internationalization of the research
process : collaboration at all stages
throughout the analysis but separate
presentations and interpretations of
findings. An interesting example is the
two parallel studies carried out during
the early fifties under the auspices of
the Organization for Comparative So-
cial Research: one set of group experi-
ments with adolescent boys, and one
sample survey of primary and secondary
school teachers in each of seven
countries.9 These studies were jointly
planned and executed and much of the
analysis was carried out within an
international team, but there was very
little opportunity for detailed consulta-
tions in the final preparation of the
interpretive reports.
I Z I I This mode represents the peak of inter-
nationalization: collaborative efforts
across all or most countries from the
earliest planning stage to the final stage
of publication. Perhaps the best ex-
ample is the twelve-nation study of
achievement in mathematics : this was
organized under the auspices of the
UNESCO Institute of Education in Ham-
burg. Financed from a variety of
national sources, the study proceeded
step by step through a series of detailed,
effective consultations of experts and
scholars from all the countries parti-
cipating in the venture.10