Main trends of research in the social and human ... - unesdoc - Unesco

740 Eric Trist
social science disciplines. If they had no other teachers than the 593 listed, who
also engage in research, the faculty-student ratio would be 1-200. In 1962 only
48 Ph.D.s were awarded in the social sciences and humanities combined -
compared with 450 dissertations listed in the Register van Lopend Onderzoek
in de Sociale Wetenschappen (Register of Social Science Research) in the Nether-
lands, a country with roughly the same population. The Belgian data point to a
major difficulty in most Western European countries. There is a reasonable
supply of 1st degree graduates with some social science training but thereafter a
drastic fallout. This may be traced in part to the absence of graduate programmes
and in part to an absence of employment opportunities. Careers in social
science still belong to the future, albeit that this future is imminent and that its
demands may be unsatisfied.
41. In France for 1963 the DGRST investigated research manpower (in full-
time equivalents) in higher education and the public sector.49 The humanities
and the social sciences were not separated. Together they accounted for 7 % of
all research personnel. The universities were very poorly off in auxiliaries.
A higher proportion of the natural scientists were in the public sector. There
were 820 CNRS workers in the social sciences full-time. The other 870 full-time
equivalents in higher education comprised the part-time services of 3,480 indivi-
duals combining teaching with some research.
FRANCE. Research workers in higher education and the public sector (1963)
Higher education Public sector Total
Social sciences and humanities
Researchers
Support staff
All sciences
1,690
3,180
260
1,660
1,950
2y890 4,840
Researchers 10,940 5.870 16,810
Support staff
3 1,450
13’240 24,180 37,320 - 449690 61,500
42. A subsequent incomplete inquiry in 1966 into social research in the
private sector obtained manpower data from 38 non-profit organizations (services
d‘ktudes and sociktks d’ktudes) who employed between them the full-time
equivalents of 55 I research staff and 455 a~xiliaries.5~ Six organizations ‘related
to the public sector’ account for 223 of the research workers and 195 of the
auxiliaries. A count made of the organizations which gave personnel data listed
in 1964 in the Re‘pepertoire National des Laboratoires (with the exclusion of those
responsible to the Ministry of Education) showed research staff (full-time
equivalents) as :
Ministries (other than Higher Education) 527
Associations, etc. 378
‘SociBtBs d‘Entreprises’ 130
‘Services d’Etudes’ 699
Total 1,734