saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...

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qristof ciurxeri 114 erovnuli mobilizaciis spirali saqarTveloSi mimdinare movlenebis mimarTuleba da logika ver aRiqmeba, Tu ar gaviTvaliswinebT sabWoTa eTnofederaluri sistemisaTvis damaxasiaTebel institutebs, romlebic ganviTarebuli dramis scenas warmoadgendnen. am naSromisaTvis dawerili Tavis komentarebSi gia nodia aRniSnavs, rom sabWoTa kavSiri sxvadasxva statusis mqone teritoriuli erTeulebisagan Semdgar asimetriul federacias warmoadgenda. pirvel doneze iyo TxuTmeti mokavSire respublika, Semdeg modioda avtonomiuri respublikebi da bolos _ avtonomiuri olqebi. qarTuli drama eTnofederaluri struqturis darRvevis Sedegad ganviTarda; am struqturaSi mmarTvelobis TiToeuli done ierarqiulad imarTeboda – zeda done iyo kavSiris centri (moskovi), SuaSi mdebareobda saqarTvelos mokavSire respublika, bolos _ afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublika da samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqi. movlenebis ganviTarebasTan erTad am ierarqiulma kavSirebma dakarga simWidrove, ierarqiuli struqturis ufro dabal doneebze ki Zalas ikrebda separatistuli moZraoba. saqarTvelos damoukideblobis mopovebasTan erTad samxreT oseTi da afxazeTi sul ufro metad Zlierdebodnen sakuTari damoukideblobis misaRwevad. “perestroikis” adreul etapze saqarTvelo SedarebiT mSvidobiani respublika iyo, romelsac eTnikurad erTgvarovani xelmZRvaneloba marTavda. igi mWidrod iyo Sekav- Sirebuli proteqcionizmiTa da patronaJiT da kargad icoda, Tu rogor gamoeyenebina qarTuli Crdilovani ekonomikis momgebiani SesaZleblobebi. 1970-iani wlebidan qarTuli erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis warmomadgenlebma sabWouri asimilirebis winaaRmdeg TavianTi azris gamoxatva daiwyes, magram es xdeboda calkeul SemTxvevebSi da realuri opoziciuri moZraoba jer kidev ar arsebobda. saqarTveloSi mxolod 1988 wels Camoyalibda baltiispireTsa Tu somxeTSi arsebuli opoziciuri erovnuli diskursi, romelic religiur,
1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana saqarTvelos istoriaSi kulturul da politikur problemebs exeboda. pirveli jgufi, romelsac aSkarad separatistuli programa hqonda, giorgi Wanturias mier daarsebuli erovnul-demokratiuli partia iyo. nacionalisturi talRa uswrafesad Zlierdeboda da amuSavebda sayovelTao TemaTa variaciebs: “saqarTvelos msxverplad Sewirva”; “saqarTvelos istoriis Secvla da damaxinjeba”; “erovnuli mexsierebis amoSla”; “saqarTveloSi rusul-sabWoTa ucxo mmarTvelobis ZaliT daweseba”. erovnuli diskursis mTavari elementebi (damoukideblobis moTxovnis garda) prokomunisturad ganwyobilma “rusTavelis sazogadoebamac” ki aitaca. 3 1989 wlis dasawyisidan yvela sazogadoebriv sferoSi radikali qarTveli nacionalistebi dominirebdnen – gansjiTac da fizikuri qmedebebiTac: quCis demonstraciebiT Tu SimSilobis aqciebiT Tbilisis centrSi. erovnuli mobilizacia afxazeTSi saqarTvelos erovnuli moZraobis pirdapiri asaxvaa. 1989 wels afxazeTi avtonomiuri respublikis statusiT (avtonomiuri sabWoTa socialisturi respublika) moiazreboda saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi. misi mosaxleoba 525000 kacs Seadgenda, romelTagan 45.7 procenti _ qarTveli, 14.3 procenti _ rusi, 14.6 procenti ki somexi iyo. afxazebi mosaxleobis 17.8 procents Seadgendnen. 4 afxazur-adiReuri enebis jgufi Crdilokavkasiur enaTa ojaxSi Sedis. igi enaTesaveba CeCnur-daRestnur jgufs da ara enaTa qarTvelur ojaxs, romelsac qarTuli ena miekuTvneba. afxazeTis mosaxleobaSi arian rogorc marTlmadidebeli qristianebi, ise musulmanebi. qarTul-afxazur urTierTobebs 3 Jürgen Gerber, Georgien: Nationale Opposition und kommunistische Herrschaft, seit 1965 (Baden-Baden: Nomos, 1997). 4 es monacemebi motanilia ssrk-Si 1989 wels Catarebuli mosaxleobis aRweris angariSidan; es iyo sabWoTa kavSirSi mosaxleobis bolo da yvelaze farTomasStabiani aRwera. ixileT: 1989 wlis mosaxleobis sakavSiro aRweris Sedegebi (Itogi vsesoyuznoi perepisi naseleniya 1989 goda, (Minneapolis, MN: East View Publications, 1989). am cifrebTan sifrTxile gvmarTebs, radganac es aRwera arc zustia da arc Tavisufali politikuri manipulaciebisagan. demografiuli sakiTxi Zalze mwvave diskusiebis Temaa qarTvelebsa da afxazebs Soris. 115
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba Tb
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba: s
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sarCevi winasityvaoba .............
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winasityvaoba es seria gamoica amer
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uka 1. saqarTvelos administraciuli
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problemis dasma robert legvoldi Ses
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problemis dasma Sewuxebuli am safrT
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problemis dasma luli saqarTvelos us
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gaakeTon am problemebis gadasaWrela
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problemis dasma kargad rom davakvir
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problemis dasma metad aocebs, Tu ra
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problemis dasma fodes. avtoris azri
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mankieri kavSiri qarTul nacionalizm
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problemis dasma - “dayavi da ibat
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mmarTveloba da, rogorc daviT darCia
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problemis dasma Tad, gansxvaveba sa
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problemis dasma sxva ramem gamoiwvi
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problemis dasma ar gamoixateba, ara
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problemis dasma samkuTxedis Seqmnis
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problemis dasma mxolod imisa, rom r
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problemis dasma rom somxebsa da aze
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gavleniT ar Semoifargleba; TurqeTi
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problemis dasma sxvagvarad iyo: es
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problemis dasma da “regionebsa da
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problemis dasma politikur sakiTxebz
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problemis dasma winaaRmdeg warmoebu
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problemis dasma liderma eduard koko
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problemis dasma sufleba. 2004 wlis
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problemis dasma cielon efeqturi pol
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problemis dasma mesame, postsabWoTa
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problemis dasma normatiuli idealia,
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saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ganzomileb
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Page 73 and 74: saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ganzomileb
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Page 121 and 122: 1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
Page 123: 1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
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saqarTvelos Tavdacvis politika da s
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saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urT
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gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da ko
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoeba da dasavleT
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stabiluri saqarTvelo ruseTis grZelv
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saqarTvelo da misi Soreuli mezobleb
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis modeli “
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“RerZuli are”, xolo periferiis
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pirebul polusebSi , rogorc erTi sax
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avtorTa Sesaxeb oqsana antonenko _
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avtorTa Sesaxeb bruno kopitersi _ a
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avtorTa Sesaxeb damien eli _ parizi
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antonenko, oqsana, 23-25, 51, 270,
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uS, jorj u., 35, 42, 236, 246, 259-
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demireli, suleiman, 366 derJava, 21
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veneciis komisia, 481 virq, 78 vneS
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kastels, manuel, 207, 214 kaxeTi, 8
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meri, vuein, 421 mesxeTeli Turqebi,
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344, 347, 350, 352, 380, 413, 435,
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68, 70-73, 77, 81-82, 107, 112- 114
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soWis Sexvedrebi da SeTanxmebebi, 2
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230, 234-237, 239-241, 243, 247- 24
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heli, damien, 34, 38, 40-42, 51, 47
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komitetis bolo publikaciebs Sorisaa
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