saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...

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oqsana antonenko Tavis mxriv, amtkicebs, rom afxazebma ki ar miiRes, aramed iyides ruseTis samxedroebisagan naRmebis didi nawili, msubuqi iaraRi da mZime SeiaraRebac. 1993 wlis TebervalSi ruseTis samxedro TviTmfrinavebma dabombes qarTuli poziciebi. 1993 wlis 19 marts qarTulma Zalebma Camoagdes aviagamanadgurebeli “su-27”, romelsac marTavda ruseTis piloti. es epizodi daadastures gaeros samxedro damkvirveblebma da mogvianebiT aRiara ruseTis mxaremac. misi mtkicebiT, am frenis mizani ruseTis strategiuli obieqtebis dacva iyo. 21 1993 wlis martSi gazeTma “izvestiam” pirvelad daadastura, rom afxazeTma ruseTis samxedro mrCevlebisagan aqtiuri daxmareba miiRo da afxazebisaTvis gadacemuli SeiaraRebis CamonaTvali gamoaqveyna. 22 rogorc zemoT iyo naTqvami, afxazur Zalebs sakmaod didi samxedro daxmareba gauwia kavkasiis xalxTa konfederaciis mier organizebulma, Crdilo kavkasiidan Casulma aTasobiT moxalisem da daqiravebulma. CrdiloeT kavkasiis moxaliseebis monawileoba, romlebic, afxazuri wyaroebis mixedviT, Seadgendnen mTeli afxazuri Zalebis daaxloebiT 10 procents, ufro mniSvnelovani da gadamwyveti iyo afxazuri mxarisaTvis, vidre ruseTis samxedro_teqnikuri daxmareba. 23 swored amitom miiRes maT, Stabis ufrosis, Tavdacvis ministris moadgilisa da samxedrosazRvao Stabis ufrosis sakvanZo Tanamdebobebi afxazur ZalebSi. qarTul-afxazur konfliqtSi ruseTis samxedro monawileobis xasiaTis miuxedavad, ar arsebobs iseTi mtkicebulebebi, romelTa safuZvelzec SeiZleba iTqvas, rom konfliqti dagegma da ganaxorciela moskovma. aseTi gancxadebebi ki xSirad gaismis 20 “omi Tu mSvidoba?”, gv. 5. 21 Êðàñíàÿ Çâåçäà, 23 ìàðòà 1993 ã., ñ. 1. 22 «Àáõàçñêèå âîéñêà øòóðìóþò Ñóõóìè: Øåâàðäíàäçå îáâèíÿåò Ðîññèþ â àãðåññèè», Èçâåñòèÿ, 17 ìàðòà 1993 ã., citirebulia Seely-s mixedviT, gv. 193. siaSi Sedioda 72 tanki, ruseTis sadesanto batalioni, 20 javSanmanqana, “gradis” saraketo danadgarebi, “uraganis” saraketo danadgarebi da 12 saartilerio erTeuli ruseTis oficrebTan erTad, romlebic iyvnen 10kaciani qvedanayofebis meTaurebi. 23 Lakoba, p. 19. 282
gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da konfliqti afxazeTis irgvliv qarTuli politikuri elitis warmomadgenlebis mxridan. arda amisa, gadauWreli rCeba sakiTxi, moaxdina Tu ara gadamwyveti gavlena ruseTis monawileobam konfliqtis dinamikaze. 24 saqar- Tvelos damarcxebis aseTi rusocentristuli interpretaciis Semdeg yuradRebas ar aqceven afxazeTis mosaxleobis uprecedento mobilizacias, romelic SiSobda erovnuli gadarCenis Taobaze da amis gamo brZolis ufro Zlieri motivacia gaaCnda, vidre qarTveli meomrebis umravlesobas. gazviadebulia afxazebis gamarjvebisaTvis saWiro gare mxardaWeris donec, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im garemoebas, rom miuxedavad omamde ruseTis regionuli sardlobisgan miRebuli daxmarebisa, qarTuli Zalebi araorganizebuli, udisciplino da gauwvrTneli iyvnen. amasTan, isini, vinc konfliqtSi brals sdeben ruseTs, midrekili arian, uaryon adgilobrivi afxazuri Zalebis arseboba, maTi interesebi da motivaciebi. 1996 wels gia nodia werda, rom afxazebs “uyurebdnen ara, rogorc sakuTari uflebebisaTvis mebrZolebs, aramed, rogorc “maTTan”, rusebTan mimxrobilebs “Cven”, qarTvelebis winaaRmdeg”. 25 iuri anCabaZe SeniSnavs, rom “qarTuli mxaris daJinebuli Zalisxmeva, gamoiyvanos ruseTi erTaderT damnaSaved, omSi maTi damarcxebis gamarTlebis survils niRbavs da qarTvelebis mier im sakuTari rolisa da Secdomebis adekvaturi Sefasebis SesaZleblobas amcirebs, romelmac saqme 1992- 1993 wlebis tragikuli movlenebis eskalaciamde miiyvana”. 26 24 Tumca, zogierTi qarTuli wyaro amtkicebs, rom SesaZlebelia ruseTis monawileoba gadamwyvetic yofiliyo. avtorTan saubrisas jaba devdariani citirebda qarTul mtkicebulebebs imis Sesaxeb, rom afxazurma Zalebma ganaaxles Seteva soxumze soWis SeTanxmebis Semdeg, iyenebdnen ra mZime artilerias, romelic, wesiT, gamoyvanili unda yofiliyo cecxlis xazidan da misi saketebi “zatvorebi” Sesanaxad Cabareboda ruseTis sardlobis meTvalyureobis qveS. Tu vivaraudebT, rom soxumis Sturmis win rusma meTaurebma daabrunes artileria, maSin maT SeeZloT gadamwyveti gavlena moxdenaT omis erT-erT sabediswero epizodze. 25 Ghia Nodia, “Political Turmoil in Georgia and the Ethnic Policies of Zviad Gamsakhurdia,” in Coppieters, ed., Contested Borders in the Caucasus, p. 84. 26 Anchabadze, pp. 86-87. 283
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba Tb
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba: s
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sarCevi winasityvaoba .............
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winasityvaoba es seria gamoica amer
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uka 1. saqarTvelos administraciuli
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problemis dasma robert legvoldi Ses
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problemis dasma Sewuxebuli am safrT
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problemis dasma luli saqarTvelos us
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gaakeTon am problemebis gadasaWrela
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problemis dasma kargad rom davakvir
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problemis dasma metad aocebs, Tu ra
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problemis dasma fodes. avtoris azri
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mankieri kavSiri qarTul nacionalizm
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problemis dasma - “dayavi da ibat
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mmarTveloba da, rogorc daviT darCia
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problemis dasma Tad, gansxvaveba sa
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problemis dasma sxva ramem gamoiwvi
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problemis dasma ar gamoixateba, ara
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problemis dasma samkuTxedis Seqmnis
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problemis dasma mxolod imisa, rom r
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problemis dasma rom somxebsa da aze
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gavleniT ar Semoifargleba; TurqeTi
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problemis dasma sxvagvarad iyo: es
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problemis dasma da “regionebsa da
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problemis dasma politikur sakiTxebz
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problemis dasma winaaRmdeg warmoebu
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problemis dasma liderma eduard koko
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problemis dasma sufleba. 2004 wlis
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problemis dasma cielon efeqturi pol
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problemis dasma mesame, postsabWoTa
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problemis dasma normatiuli idealia,
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saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ganzomileb
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daskvna saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ga
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1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
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saqarTvelos Tavdacvis politika da s
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saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urT
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gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da ko
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoeba da dasavleT
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stabiluri saqarTvelo ruseTis grZelv
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saqarTvelo da misi Soreuli mezobleb
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis modeli “
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“RerZuli are”, xolo periferiis
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pirebul polusebSi , rogorc erTi sax
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avtorTa Sesaxeb oqsana antonenko _
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avtorTa Sesaxeb bruno kopitersi _ a
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avtorTa Sesaxeb damien eli _ parizi
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antonenko, oqsana, 23-25, 51, 270,
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uS, jorj u., 35, 42, 236, 246, 259-
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demireli, suleiman, 366 derJava, 21
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veneciis komisia, 481 virq, 78 vneS
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kastels, manuel, 207, 214 kaxeTi, 8
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meri, vuein, 421 mesxeTeli Turqebi,
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344, 347, 350, 352, 380, 413, 435,
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68, 70-73, 77, 81-82, 107, 112- 114
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soWis Sexvedrebi da SeTanxmebebi, 2
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230, 234-237, 239-241, 243, 247- 24
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heli, damien, 34, 38, 40-42, 51, 47
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komitetis bolo publikaciebs Sorisaa
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