saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...

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jaba devdariani lebebisa da miznebis konteqstSi gadaWarbebul reaqcias iwvevs. anTropologiaSi miRebuli „koleqtiuri TviTSegnebis” gansazRvreba am fenomenis aRsawerad gamogvadgeba. „koleqtiuri TviTSegneba” sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis zogad, gaziarebul koncefcias gulisxmobs anu „koordinatTa uzogades sistemas romelic warmarTavs socialur qmedebas.” 2 saqarTvelosa da ruseTis Tanamedrove „eri–saxelmwifoebis” TviTSegneba mniSvnelovanwilad imperiuli ruseTisa da sabWoTa kavSiris farglebSi ziari istoriis Sedegad Camoyalibda, magram am erebma gansxvavebuli SinaarsiT datvirTes Tanacxovrebis es gamocdileba. TviTSegneba, „meoba”, Tavisi arsiT eris cxovrebis miTologizebuli moTxrobaa romelic warmarTavs da gansazRvravs sazogadoebriv cxovrebas. is aisaxeba werilobiT istoriaSi, xelovnebaSi, literaturasa da sazogadoebis cxovrebis wesSi. am mxriv SegviZlia visaubroT „mTavar miTze,” romelic yvelaze zogad doneze gansazRvravs simbolur samyaros, romlis mixedviTac sazogadoeba afasebs, Tu ra uqmnis safrTxes mis arsebobas da ra gziT unda daupirispirdes is am safrTxes. 3 es mTavari miTi sakmaod mdgradi unda iyos imisaTvis rom saukuneebis manZilze Camoayalibos da SeinarCunos eris „meoba”, misi TviTSegneba, magram amave dros misi calkeuli nawilebi mudmivad gadasxvaferdeba da esadageba mimdinare realobas. dramatuli istoriuli movlenebi, rogoric iyo magaliTad sabWoTa kavSiris daSla, xSirad istoriis gadafasebas da mTavari miTis safuZvlian modificirebas iwvevs. 4 Tanamedrove saqarTvelos TviTSegneba ruseTisagan damoukideblobis ideis garSemo Camoyalibda. amitomac, ruseTTan 2 Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann. The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge (New York: Anchor Books, 1967), p. 62. 3 Berger and Luckmann. The Social Construction of Reality, p. 62; Margaret R. Somers and Gloria D. Gibson. Dark Thoughts about the Self, in Craig Callhoun, ed. Social Theory and the Politics of Identity (Oxford: Blackwell, 1994), p. 67. 4 Somers and Gibson. Dark Thoughts about the Self, p. 67. aseve Manuel Castells. The Power of Identity (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1997), p. 31. 206
saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urTierTgagebisaken mimarTebis Tema mTavaria erovnuli cnobierebisaTvis da mas uzarmazari simboluri datvirTva aqvs politikuri cxovrebisaTvis imisda miuxedavad, Tu ra gzas adgas Tavad ruseTi. 5 saqarTvelos istoriis ruseTis imperiasTan mimarTebaSi interpretireba qmnis „winaaRmdegobis TviTSegnebas”, rogorc mas manuel kastelsi uwodebs. amgvari TviTSegneba erSi maSin yalibdeba, rodesac is Tavsmoxveul ideologias ewinaaRdegeba, xolo suverenuli kontroli sazogadoebriv da politikur institutebze dakargulia. am pirobebSi sazogadoeba paralelur, TavsmoxveulTan dapirispirebul da avtonomur socialur sistemas ayalibebs, aSenebs „dapirispirebisa da TviTgadarCenis sangrebs” romlebiTac koleqtiuri „Cven” eTno– lingvisturi, religiuri an sxva niSniT emijneba dampyrobel „imaT.” 6 meTvramete saukuneSi otomanur da sparsul safrTxesTan mebrZoli saqarTvelo politikuri da fizikuri ganadgurebis safrTxis winaSe idga. ver miipyro ra evropis yuradReba, qarTulma elitam dacva ruseTis imperias sTxova. es arCevani gaziarebulma marTlmadideblobamac gansazRvra, rogorc saqarTvelos TviTSegnebis erT–erTma elementma. aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos samxedro–politikuri elita rusuli jarebis mxardamxar ibrZoda Crdilo kavkasiaSi da didi roli Seasrula Tundac imam Samilis legendaruli ajanyebis CaxSobaSi. amave dros, rusuli poeziis, xelovnebisa da ganaTlebis wyalobiT qarTuli aristokratia evropul kulturasa da Rirebulebebs eziara. kulturulma kavSirebma saukuneebs gauZlo, magram politikur–samxedro aliansma did xans ver gastana. imperiuli mmarTvelobis pirveli wlebidanve gamoikveTa ukmayofileba rogorc ubralo mosaxleobis, ise aristokratiis mxridan, rac 5 Gia Tarkhan-Mouravi. The Georgian–Abkhazian Conflict in a Regional Context, in Bruno Coppieters, Ghia Nodia, and Yuri Anchabadze, eds. Georgia and Abkhazia, The Search for a Settlement (Cologne: Sonderveröffentlichung des BIOst, 1998), pp. 90– 112, http://poli.vub.ac.be. 6 Castells. The Power of Identity, p. 8. 207
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba Tb
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba: s
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sarCevi winasityvaoba .............
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winasityvaoba es seria gamoica amer
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uka 1. saqarTvelos administraciuli
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problemis dasma robert legvoldi Ses
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problemis dasma Sewuxebuli am safrT
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problemis dasma luli saqarTvelos us
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gaakeTon am problemebis gadasaWrela
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problemis dasma kargad rom davakvir
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problemis dasma metad aocebs, Tu ra
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problemis dasma fodes. avtoris azri
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mankieri kavSiri qarTul nacionalizm
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problemis dasma - “dayavi da ibat
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mmarTveloba da, rogorc daviT darCia
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problemis dasma Tad, gansxvaveba sa
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problemis dasma sxva ramem gamoiwvi
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problemis dasma ar gamoixateba, ara
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problemis dasma samkuTxedis Seqmnis
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problemis dasma mxolod imisa, rom r
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problemis dasma rom somxebsa da aze
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gavleniT ar Semoifargleba; TurqeTi
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problemis dasma sxvagvarad iyo: es
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problemis dasma da “regionebsa da
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problemis dasma politikur sakiTxebz
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problemis dasma winaaRmdeg warmoebu
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problemis dasma liderma eduard koko
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problemis dasma sufleba. 2004 wlis
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problemis dasma cielon efeqturi pol
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problemis dasma mesame, postsabWoTa
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problemis dasma normatiuli idealia,
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saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ganzomileb
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daskvna saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ga
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1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
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saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urT
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gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da ko
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoeba da dasavleT
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stabiluri saqarTvelo ruseTis grZelv
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saqarTvelo da misi Soreuli mezobleb
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis modeli “
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“RerZuli are”, xolo periferiis
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pirebul polusebSi , rogorc erTi sax
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avtorTa Sesaxeb oqsana antonenko _
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avtorTa Sesaxeb bruno kopitersi _ a
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avtorTa Sesaxeb damien eli _ parizi
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antonenko, oqsana, 23-25, 51, 270,
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uS, jorj u., 35, 42, 236, 246, 259-
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demireli, suleiman, 366 derJava, 21
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veneciis komisia, 481 virq, 78 vneS
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kastels, manuel, 207, 214 kaxeTi, 8
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meri, vuein, 421 mesxeTeli Turqebi,
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344, 347, 350, 352, 380, 413, 435,
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68, 70-73, 77, 81-82, 107, 112- 114
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soWis Sexvedrebi da SeTanxmebebi, 2
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230, 234-237, 239-241, 243, 247- 24
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heli, damien, 34, 38, 40-42, 51, 47
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komitetis bolo publikaciebs Sorisaa
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