saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...

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gia nodia kriteriumiT, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sustia _ Tundac imitom, rom qveynis mTlian teritorias ver akontrolebs. garda amisa, centralurma xelisuflebam ver uzrunvelyo Zalis legitimuri gamoyenebis monopolia qveynis SigniT _ anu saxelmwifos minimalur veberiseul moTxovnasac ver akmayofilebs. es sisuste yvelaze mZafrad gamovlinda periodSi, romelic daiwyo 1991-92 ww. gadatrialebiT da gagrZelda 1995 wlamde, roca xelisuflebam “mxedrionis” TareSs mouRo bolo. Tumca, 1995 wlis Semdegac saxelmwifo iguebda paramilitaruli dajgufebebis arsebobas _ amis magaliTia samegreloafxazeTis regionSi moqmedi partizanuli jgufebi, an pankisis xeobis problemis konteqstSi Seqmnili “saxalxo laSqari.” saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sisustes mxolod Zalis legitimur gamoyenebaze monopoliis verdamyareba rodi warmoaCens. erT-erTi mniSvnelovani indikatoria xelisuflebis konstituciuri gziT gadacemis uunaroba. gamsaxurdiac da SevardnaZec ZaliT gadaayenes da ara legitimuri saarCevno procesis gziT. sisusteze mianiSnebs saqarTvelos xelisuflebis sakuTar samxedro formirebebze arasakmarisi kontrolic. 1991 wels swored samxedro formirebebma gaaZeves gamsaxurdia, xolo erovnuli gvardiis sardals, Tengiz kitovans bralad sdeben 1992 wlis agvistoSi afxazeTSi samxedro moqmedebebis wamowyebas. 1994 wlis aprilSi, roca saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministrad yofili sabWoTa generali dainiSna, jari gverdze gadga politikisagan, oRond 1998-2001 wlebSi sazogadoeba seriozulad SeaSfoTa Seiara- Rebul ZalebSi momxdarma ramdenime janyma. rac Seexeba policiasa da uSiSroebis samsaxurebs, isini saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg gamoxdomebSi arasodes SemCneulan, magram, sayovelTao azriT, CarTulni iyvnen sxvadasxva kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebebSi, rogoricaa kontrabanda, narkotikebiT vaWroba Tu adamianTa gatacebebi. aqve davamatebT, rom SevardnaZis periodSi samarTaldamcav organoebs uyurebdnen rogorc biznesisgan da moqalaqeebisgan fulis gamoZalvis awyobil meqanizmebs. 88
saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ganzomilebebi sisustis Semdgomi ganzomilebaa saxelmwifos uunaroba, mokribos saxazino Semosavlebi da jerovnad daafinansos saxelmwifo institutebi. miCneulia, rom saqarTveloSi Crdilovan ekonomikas yvelaze didi wili uWiravs postsabWoTa qveynebs Soris (sxvadasxva SefasebiT, 40-70%). 37 Sedegad, saxelwifo xazinis Semosavlebi Zalian mcirea. 2003 wels maT saerTo erovnuli produqtis mxolod 11,2% Seadgines (evrokavSiris qveynebSi maTi wili daaxloebiT 50%-s udris). 38 amis Sedegi iyo uaRresad dabali xelfasebi da pensiebi, romlebic, rogorc wesi, bevrad CamorCeboda sacxovrebel minimums. 39 saxelmwifo organizaciebi ver izidavdnen patiosan da kompetentur personals: SevardnaZis mmarTvelobis bolo wlebSi ministris xelfasic ki nebismieri saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciis ubralo mdivnis xelfass ver gautoldeboda. amis gamo, Zalian bevri Tanamdebobas mxolod piradi gamorCenisTvis iyenebda. dabolos, saxelmwifos sisustis yvelaze TvalsaCino maCveneblad da farTo ganxilvis sagnad iqca korufcia, romelsac zogierTi saqarTvelos mravali sxva warumateblobis ZiriTad mizezad Tvlis. 2003 wels, organizacia “saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis” mier Seqmnil 37 statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis oficialuri monacemebis mixedviT, Crdilovani (aRunusxavi) ekonomikis wili 2000 wlidan 2003 wlamde 32-sa da 34% Soris meryeobda. ix.: (Georgian Economic Trends, Quarterly Review, no. 2-3, 2003, p. 10). nikolai hajiiski, evropuli bankis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis eqsperti miiCnevs, rom “es cifri aSkarad 50%ze naklebi ar unda iyos”. ix.: Daan van der Schriek, “Illicit Traders Work the Georgia–Turkey Shuttle,” Eurasia Insight, August 6, 2003, www.eurasia.net. 38 ix.: Galt and Taggart Securities, Georgia: Weekly Stock Market Commentary, January 26, 2004. isic unda iTqvas, rom es cifrebi mainc Crdilovani ekonomikis wilis oficialur (savaraudod, Semcirebul) monacemebs eyrdnoba. Tu CavTvliT, rom Crdilovani ekonomikis wili sinamdvileSi metia, saxelmwifo xazinis Semosavlebis procentuli Sefardeba erTian erovnul produqtTan mimarTebaSi kidev ufro dabali gamova. 39 saq. statistikis sax. departamentis monacemebiT, 2002 wels saxelmwifo moxelis saSualo Tviuri anazRaureba 104,9 lari iyo, maSin roca sasicocxlo minimumi 127,9 lariT iyo gansazRvruli. ix.: Georgian Economic Trends, Quarterly Review, no. 2-3 (2003), gv. 50−51. 89
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba Tb
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba: s
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sarCevi winasityvaoba .............
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winasityvaoba es seria gamoica amer
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uka 1. saqarTvelos administraciuli
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problemis dasma robert legvoldi Ses
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problemis dasma Sewuxebuli am safrT
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problemis dasma luli saqarTvelos us
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gaakeTon am problemebis gadasaWrela
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problemis dasma kargad rom davakvir
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problemis dasma metad aocebs, Tu ra
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problemis dasma fodes. avtoris azri
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mankieri kavSiri qarTul nacionalizm
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problemis dasma - “dayavi da ibat
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mmarTveloba da, rogorc daviT darCia
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problemis dasma Tad, gansxvaveba sa
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problemis dasma sxva ramem gamoiwvi
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problemis dasma ar gamoixateba, ara
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problemis dasma samkuTxedis Seqmnis
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problemis dasma mxolod imisa, rom r
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problemis dasma rom somxebsa da aze
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gavleniT ar Semoifargleba; TurqeTi
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problemis dasma sxvagvarad iyo: es
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Page 49 and 50: problemis dasma politikur sakiTxebz
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1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
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saqarTvelos Tavdacvis politika da s
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saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urT
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gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da ko
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoeba da dasavleT
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stabiluri saqarTvelo ruseTis grZelv
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saqarTvelo da misi Soreuli mezobleb
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis modeli “
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“RerZuli are”, xolo periferiis
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pirebul polusebSi , rogorc erTi sax
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avtorTa Sesaxeb oqsana antonenko _
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avtorTa Sesaxeb bruno kopitersi _ a
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avtorTa Sesaxeb damien eli _ parizi
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antonenko, oqsana, 23-25, 51, 270,
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uS, jorj u., 35, 42, 236, 246, 259-
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demireli, suleiman, 366 derJava, 21
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veneciis komisia, 481 virq, 78 vneS
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kastels, manuel, 207, 214 kaxeTi, 8
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meri, vuein, 421 mesxeTeli Turqebi,
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344, 347, 350, 352, 380, 413, 435,
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68, 70-73, 77, 81-82, 107, 112- 114
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soWis Sexvedrebi da SeTanxmebebi, 2
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230, 234-237, 239-241, 243, 247- 24
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heli, damien, 34, 38, 40-42, 51, 47
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komitetis bolo publikaciebs Sorisaa
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