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1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana saqarTvelos istoriaSi<br />

kriminaluri <strong>da</strong>jgufebebisa <strong>da</strong> axalgazrduli b<strong>and</strong>ebis<br />

amorfuli erToba, romelic 1989 wels sabWoTa periodis<br />

<strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa samyaros mfarvelma, jaba ioselianma Seqmna.<br />

finansebis mosapoveblad es <strong>da</strong>jgufeba kriminalur saqmianobas<br />

eweo<strong>da</strong> – maT Soris reketsa <strong>da</strong> gamoZalvasac. 1992 wels man<br />

SeZlo Semosavlian sferoebze Tavisi kontrolis <strong>da</strong>weseba,<br />

magaliTad, benziniT vaWrobaze. 23 “mxedrions” Tavi saqarTvelos<br />

<strong>da</strong>mcvel patriotul sazogadoebad miaCn<strong>da</strong>, misi wevrebi<br />

farTod iyenebdnen patriotul <strong>da</strong> religiur simbolikas. bevri<br />

maTgani mkerdze atareb<strong>da</strong> me<strong>da</strong>lions wmin<strong>da</strong> giorgis gamosaxulebiT.<br />

principSi, “mxedrioni” iyo warmatebuli saqmosanpatriotTa<br />

SeiaraRebuli SenaerTi, romlebmac TavianTi kerZo<br />

jari saxelmwifo samsaxurSi Caayenes <strong>da</strong>moukideblobisaTvis<br />

mebrZoli nacionaluri umciresobebis winaaRmdeg omis dros.<br />

erovnuli gvardia 1990 wlis noemberSi Seiqmna <strong>da</strong> igi<br />

qarTuli jaris birTvi un<strong>da</strong> gamx<strong>da</strong>riyo. imis gamo, rom am dros<br />

jer kidev ar arsebob<strong>da</strong> qarTuli saxelmwifo, jaris <strong>da</strong>kompleqteba<br />

<strong>da</strong> misi SeiaraReba TiTqmis mTlianad kerZo pirebis<br />

mier xdebo<strong>da</strong>. gvardia saxelmwifos TiTqmis ararsebuli<br />

biujeti<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> Savi bazris warmatebul pirTa SemowirulobebiT<br />

finansdebo<strong>da</strong>. gvardiis meTaurad <strong>da</strong> Tav<strong>da</strong>cvis ministrad<br />

gamsaxurdias axlo megobari <strong>da</strong> TanamebrZoli Tengiz kitovani<br />

<strong>da</strong>iniSna. mas arc samxedro momzadeba hqon<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> arc Sesabamisi<br />

gamocdileba, samagierod, igi finansebis kargi mSovneli<br />

gamodga.<br />

erovnulma gvardiamac <strong>da</strong> “mxedrionmac” SeiaraReba sabWoTa<br />

(SemdgomSi ki, ruseTis) jarisagan miiRo – faqtobrivad, im<br />

saxelmwifos jarisagan, romelic, qarTveli nacionalistebis<br />

azriT, gamiznulad aferxeb<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos <strong>da</strong>moukideblobas.<br />

1992 wlis ivlisSi, im periodSi, rodesac sabWoTa jari swrafad<br />

iSlebo<strong>da</strong>, am gasamxedroebulma formirebebma sabWoTa arse-<br />

23 Georgii Nizharadze, “The Institutional Framework <strong>of</strong> Caucasian <strong>and</strong> Central Asian<br />

Transitional Societies: Georgia, Abkhazia, <strong>and</strong> South-Ossetia,” The Economics <strong>of</strong> Political<br />

<strong>and</strong> Common Violence (Tbilisi: World Bank Development Economic Research Group,<br />

2002), typescript.<br />

139

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