saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...
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1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana saqarTvelos istoriaSi<br />

kulturul <strong>da</strong> politikur problemebs exebo<strong>da</strong>. pirveli jgufi,<br />

romelsac aSkarad separatistuli programa hqon<strong>da</strong>, giorgi<br />

Wanturias mier <strong>da</strong>arsebuli erovnul-demokratiuli partia<br />

iyo. nacionalisturi talRa uswrafesad Zlierdebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />

amuSaveb<strong>da</strong> sayovelTao TemaTa variaciebs: “saqarTvelos<br />

msxverplad Sewirva”; “saqarTvelos istoriis Secvla <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>maxinjeba”; “erovnuli mexsierebis amoSla”; “saqarTveloSi<br />

rusul-sabWoTa ucxo mmarTvelobis ZaliT <strong>da</strong>weseba”. erovnuli<br />

diskursis mTavari elementebi (<strong>da</strong>moukideblobis moTxovnis<br />

gar<strong>da</strong>) prokomunisturad ganwyobilma “rusTavelis sazogadoebamac”<br />

ki aitaca. 3 1989 wlis <strong>da</strong>sawyisi<strong>da</strong>n yvela sazogadoebriv<br />

sferoSi radikali qarTveli nacionalistebi<br />

dominirebdnen – gansjiTac <strong>da</strong> fizikuri qmedebebiTac: quCis<br />

demonstraciebiT Tu SimSilobis aqciebiT Tbilisis centrSi.<br />

erovnuli mobilizacia afxazeTSi saqarTvelos erovnuli<br />

moZraobis pir<strong>da</strong>piri asaxvaa. 1989 wels afxazeTi avtonomiuri<br />

respublikis statusiT (avtonomiuri sabWoTa socialisturi<br />

respublika) moiazrebo<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi. misi<br />

mosaxleoba 525000 kacs Seadgen<strong>da</strong>, romelTagan 45.7 procenti<br />

_ qarTveli, 14.3 procenti _ rusi, 14.6 procenti ki somexi<br />

iyo. afxazebi mosaxleobis 17.8 procents Seadgendnen. 4<br />

afxazur-adiReuri enebis jgufi Crdilokavkasiur enaTa<br />

ojaxSi Sedis. igi enaTesaveba CeCnur-<strong>da</strong>Restnur jgufs <strong>da</strong> ara<br />

enaTa qarTvelur ojaxs, romelsac qarTuli ena miekuTvneba.<br />

afxazeTis mosaxleobaSi arian rogorc marTlmadidebeli<br />

qristianebi, ise musulmanebi. qarTul-afxazur urTierTobebs<br />

3 Jürgen Gerber, Georgien: Nationale Opposition und kommunistische Herrschaft, seit<br />

1965 (Baden-Baden: Nomos, 1997).<br />

4 es monacemebi motanilia ssrk-Si 1989 wels Catarebuli mosaxleobis<br />

aRweris angariSi<strong>da</strong>n; es iyo sabWoTa kavSirSi mosaxleobis bolo <strong>da</strong><br />

yvelaze farTomasStabiani aRwera. ixileT: 1989 wlis mosaxleobis<br />

sakavSiro aRweris Sedegebi (Itogi vsesoyuznoi perepisi naseleniya 1989 go<strong>da</strong>,<br />

(Minneapolis, MN: East View Publications, 1989). am cifrebTan sifrTxile<br />

gvmarTebs, radganac es aRwera arc zustia <strong>da</strong> arc Tavisufali politikuri<br />

manipulaciebisagan. demografiuli sakiTxi Zalze mwvave diskusiebis<br />

Temaa qarTvelebsa <strong>da</strong> afxazebs Soris.<br />

115

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