saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...

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gia nodia pirebul patronaJul qselebSi CarTva iyo. amgvari midgomis SenarCuneba SeewinaaRmdegeba axali xelisuflebis mier deklarirebul reformistul miswrafebebs, magram xelis erTi mosmiT maTze uaris Tqma _ ise, rom isini arc aqtiuri, umciresobaTa wuxilebze pasuxebis Semcveli saintegracio politikiT Secvalo _ destabilizaciis winapirobad SeiZleba iqces. daqucmacebis kidev erTi tradiciuli faqtori saqarTveloSi TviT eTnikur qarTvelTa Soris kuTxuroba da enobriv umciresobaTa arsebobaa. kuTxurobas saqarTveloSi xangrZlivi istoria aqvs. XI-XII saukuneebis “oqros xanasa” da ruseTis imperiaSi Sesvlas Soris periodSi, qarTvelebi sxvadasxva samTavroebsa da samefoebSi cxovrobdnen, romelTac zogadi erTobis met-naklebad bundovani Segneba hqondaT, magram arc erTmaneTTan konfliqti akldaT. XIX saukuneSi, roca liberalurad ganwyobilma inteligenciam saerTo-erovnuli mikuTvnebulobis idea wamowia win, eris mSeneblobis ZiriTad winaRobad mas swored kuTxuroba miaCnda. paradoqsia, magram saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialisturi respublika aRmoCnda is instituti, romelmac qarTvelebSi erTiani erovnuli kuTvnilebis SegrZneba ganamtkica. kuTxurobis arseboba dResac ki iwvevs garkveul SfoTvas. Tumca amaze sajarod laparaki karg tonad ar iTvleba, bevri fiqrobs, rom garkveul pirobebSi, kuTxurobam vinZlo erovnul erTianobasac ki gauCinos bzari. 31 magaliTad, es qveteqsti aqvs diskusiebs imis Sesaxeb, gaxdes Tu ara saqarTvelo federaluri mowyobis qveyana. 1993-94 wlebSi prezidentma SevardnaZem Seqmna axali msxvili administraciuli regionebi _ mxareebi, da es statusi saqarTvelos istoriul provinciebs mianiWa, rogoricaa kaxeTi, imereTi, guria, samegrelo da sxv. magram am ideam sakmaod bevri winaaRmdegoba gamoiwvia. 1995 wlis sakonstitucio diskusiis 31 magaliTad, qarTveli analitikosebi weren kuTxurobis gavlenaze biurokratiul sistemaSi patronaJuli qselebis Seqmnisas. ix.: koba kikabiZe da daviT losaberiZe, “institucionalizmi da klientelizmi saqarTveloSi”, sadiskusio naSromi, (Tbilisi, sadiskusio naSromebis seria, 2000), gv. 40-41. 84
saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ganzomilebebi dros qveynis axleburi teritoriuli mowyobis Taobaze SeTanxmeba ver iqna miRweuli. saxelmwifo mowyobis es umniSvnelovanesi komponenti jerac Riadaa datovebuli saqarTvelos konstituciaSi, xolo samxareo administracia mxolod saprezidento brZanebulebiT funqciobs. 32 bevrs isev eSinia, rom istoriuli mxareebis administraciul erTeulebad qceva kuTxurobas aaRorZinebs da erTian erovnul TviT- Segnebas gamouTxris Zirs. am kuTxeebidan ori _ samegrelo da svaneTi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas iqcevs, radgan mosaxleobis es ori jgufi sakuTar, qarTulis monaTesave, magram sxva qarTvelebisTvis gaugebar enebze metyvelebs. megrelebi bevrad mravalricxovanni arian 33 da zog dasavlel mimomxilvels isic ki ukvirs, damoukideblobas ratom ar iTxoveno. 34 magram saqme piriqiTaa: rogorc 1918-21 wlebis, ise post-sabWoTa damoukideblobis periodebSi qarTuli nacionalizmi swored samegreloSi iyo gansakuTrebiT Zlieri. zviad gamsaxurdia, saqarTvelos pirveli prezidenti, warmoSobiT samegrelodan iyo. gamsaxurdias Camogdebis mere SevardnaZis reJimisaTvis erT-erT sakvanZo problemad swored samegrelo iqca: gamsaxurdias momxreebi aq gamagrdnen, am mxareze kontrolis damyarebis mcdeloba ki adgilobrivi mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg sadamsjelo operaciebSi gadaizarda. garda amisa, afxazeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa umetesoba, vinc konfliqtis Sedegad Tavisi saxlebidan gandevnes, swored megrelia. aqedan gamomdinare, megrelebs miaCniaT, rom yvelaze didi dartyma miiRes 1990-iani wlebis samoqalaqo omebis Sedegad, da, rac kidev uaresia, maTi es gansacdeli qveynis danarCenma nawilma sakmarisad gulTan axlos 32 teritoriuli mowyobis konstituciur gansazRvraze droebiT uaris Tqmis oficialuri axsna is iyo, rom jer afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTSi unda moegvarebinaT konfliqti; sinamdvileSi, Tavad qarTvelebs Soris am sakiTxze erTiani azris Camoyalibeba qmnida gadaulaxav problemas. 33 sxvadasxva kuTxuri identobis matareblebze mosaxleobis aRwera arafers ambobs, Tumca varaudoben, rom megrelebi naxevar milionamde unda iyvnen, maSin rodesac svanebis ricxvi 40,000-s ar aRemateba. 34 Neal Ascherson, Black Sea (New York: Hill and Wang, 1995). 85
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba Tb
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba: s
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sarCevi winasityvaoba .............
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winasityvaoba es seria gamoica amer
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uka 1. saqarTvelos administraciuli
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problemis dasma robert legvoldi Ses
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problemis dasma Sewuxebuli am safrT
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problemis dasma luli saqarTvelos us
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gaakeTon am problemebis gadasaWrela
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problemis dasma kargad rom davakvir
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problemis dasma metad aocebs, Tu ra
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problemis dasma fodes. avtoris azri
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mankieri kavSiri qarTul nacionalizm
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problemis dasma - “dayavi da ibat
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mmarTveloba da, rogorc daviT darCia
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problemis dasma Tad, gansxvaveba sa
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problemis dasma sxva ramem gamoiwvi
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problemis dasma ar gamoixateba, ara
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problemis dasma samkuTxedis Seqmnis
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problemis dasma mxolod imisa, rom r
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problemis dasma rom somxebsa da aze
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Page 45 and 46: problemis dasma sxvagvarad iyo: es
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Page 49 and 50: problemis dasma politikur sakiTxebz
Page 51 and 52: problemis dasma winaaRmdeg warmoebu
Page 53 and 54: problemis dasma liderma eduard koko
Page 55 and 56: problemis dasma sufleba. 2004 wlis
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Page 121 and 122: 1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
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1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
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saqarTvelos Tavdacvis politika da s
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saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urT
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gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da ko
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoeba da dasavleT
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stabiluri saqarTvelo ruseTis grZelv
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saqarTvelo da misi Soreuli mezobleb
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis modeli “
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“RerZuli are”, xolo periferiis
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pirebul polusebSi , rogorc erTi sax
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avtorTa Sesaxeb oqsana antonenko _
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avtorTa Sesaxeb bruno kopitersi _ a
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avtorTa Sesaxeb damien eli _ parizi
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antonenko, oqsana, 23-25, 51, 270,
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uS, jorj u., 35, 42, 236, 246, 259-
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demireli, suleiman, 366 derJava, 21
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veneciis komisia, 481 virq, 78 vneS
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kastels, manuel, 207, 214 kaxeTi, 8
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meri, vuein, 421 mesxeTeli Turqebi,
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344, 347, 350, 352, 380, 413, 435,
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68, 70-73, 77, 81-82, 107, 112- 114
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soWis Sexvedrebi da SeTanxmebebi, 2
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230, 234-237, 239-241, 243, 247- 24
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heli, damien, 34, 38, 40-42, 51, 47
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komitetis bolo publikaciebs Sorisaa
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