saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...

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oqsana antonenko kavSiris sagareo saqmeTa ministrad yofnis dros da isinic vinc ewinaaRmdegeboda afxazur separatistul miswrafebas imis SiSiT, rom igi TviT ruseTis teritoriuli erTianobis safrTxes gamoiwvevda CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi. am jgufSi Sediodnen ruseTis prezidenti boris elcini da sagareo saqmeTa ministri andrei kozirevi, aseve sagareo saqmeTa saministros sxva maRalCinosnebic. zogierTi afxazuri wyaro imasac amtkicebs, rom afxazeTis winaaRmdeg Zalis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb SevardnaZis gegmis politikuri mxardaWera uzrunvelyo elcinma. 9 afxazeTSi konfliqtis dawyebis Semdeg 1992 wlis agvistoSi ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saministrom werili gaugzavna saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa saministros, romelSic gamo- Tqmuli iyo Tanadgoma saqarTvelosadmi “terorizmis winaaRmdeg brZolis” saqmeSi. es nabiji nakarnaxevi iyo ruseTis mzardi problemebiT CeCneTSi. rac Seexeba ruseTis samxedro istebliSments, mas afxazeTis konfliqtis mimarT araerTgvarovani damokidebuleba hqonda. moskovSi Tavdacvis saministros Cinosnebma Tavdapirvelad mxari dauWires saqarTvelos moqmedebebs, maSin, rodesac samxedroebi, romlebic samsaxurs afxazeTSi gadiodnen, konfliqtis TiTqmis dasawyisidan afxazebisken gadaixarnen, an pasiurad iyvnen _ SeinarCunes neitraliteti; mogvianebiT ki maTac afxazuri Zalebis aqtiuri daxmareba daiwyes. 1992 wlis maisidan 1993 wlis maisamde ruseTis Tavdacvis ministri pavel graCovi saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministrisa da erovnuli gvardiis mTavarsardlis, general Tengiz kitovanis axlo megobrad rCeboda. 1992 wlis agvistoSi, omis dawyebis win, graCovi exmareboda saqarTvelos amierkavkasiis samxedro olqSi arsebuli sabWoTa mowyobilobebisa da mZime SeiaraRebis qarTul SeiaraRebul Zalebze gadacemaSi, ramac udavo 9 stanislav lakoba amtkicebs, rom 1992 wlis 24 ivnisis dagomisis samitze saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabWos meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem xeli moawera “SeTanxmebas qarTul-osuri konfliqtis daregulirebis principebze” da miiRo prezident elcinis mxardaWera afxazeTis winaaRmdeg saqarTvelos samxedro moqmedebis Taobaze. ix. lakoba, gv. 10. 278
gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da konfliqti afxazeTis irgvliv samxedro upiratesoba moutana maT. qarTulma sajariso nawilebma miiRes tankebi, saartilerio sistemebi, Sveulmfrenebi da msubuqi SeiaraReba. 10 1992 wlis 14 agvistos qarTuli jari 2 000-dan 5 000-mde jariskacis SemadgenlobiT Sevida afxazeTSi da daikava soxumi; damatebiT 1 000-kaciani razmi dadga gagraSi da gadaketa afxazeTis sazRvari ruseTTan. Tavidan graCovma scada, Seekavebina ruseTis samxedro savele meTaurebi, rom afxazebs ar daxmarebodnen. zogierTi afxazuri wyaro miuTiTebs kidevac imaze, rom rusebma qarTvelebs faruli daxmareba aRmouCines, Tumca aseTi gancxadebebis gadamowmeba SeuZlebelia. 11 sabrZolo moqmedebebis pirveli etapidan, konfliqtTan dakavSirebiT moskovis poziciis jer kidev Secvlamde, CrdiloeT kavkasiis moxaliseebisagan afxazurma mxarem mniSvnelovani mxardaWera miiRo, maT Soris afxazebTan eTnikurad axlos mdgomi iseTi jgufebisagan, rogorebic arian adiRelebi da Cerqezebi. am mizniT 1992 wlis seqtembris bolos 1 000-mde moxalise CrdiloeT kavkasiidan Cavida soxumSi 12 . kavkasiis mTiel xalxTa konfederaciam (mogvianebiT kavkasiis xalxTa konfederacia), romelic CrdiloeT kavkasiis respublikebis suverenitetisaTvis ibrZoda, afxazeTSi sabrZolvelad aTasobiT moxalisis mobilizaciis saqmeSi mTavari roli iTamaSa. regionuli elita, romelic Tavidan ewinaaRmdegeboda aseT mobilizacias, iZulebuli gaxda Serigeboda, rom ar gariyuliyo im politikuri procesisagan, romelSic 1991-1993 wlebSi eTnikuri aRorZineba da mobilizacia dominirebda. 10 1993 wlis martSi, konfliqtis dros, rusma samxedroebma saqarTvelos gadasces samocdaoTxi samxedro nawili Tavisi mowyobilobiT. ix. zverevi, gv. 53. 11 afxazuri wyaroebis mixedviT, Tavdapirvelad afxazeTze TavdasxmaSi monawileobas iRebdnen rusuli nawilebi. magaliTad, qalaq gagraSi ganlagebis dros qarTuli jarebi iyenebdnen rusul gemebs. ix. lakoba, gv. 35. 12 Pavel Baev, Jan Koehler, Christoph Zürcher, Internal Violence in the Caucasus: Study Prepared for The World Bank Development Economic Research Group (DECRG) (Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2002). 279
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba Tb
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba: s
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sarCevi winasityvaoba .............
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winasityvaoba es seria gamoica amer
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uka 1. saqarTvelos administraciuli
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problemis dasma robert legvoldi Ses
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problemis dasma Sewuxebuli am safrT
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problemis dasma luli saqarTvelos us
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gaakeTon am problemebis gadasaWrela
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problemis dasma kargad rom davakvir
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problemis dasma metad aocebs, Tu ra
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problemis dasma fodes. avtoris azri
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mankieri kavSiri qarTul nacionalizm
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problemis dasma - “dayavi da ibat
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mmarTveloba da, rogorc daviT darCia
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problemis dasma Tad, gansxvaveba sa
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problemis dasma sxva ramem gamoiwvi
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problemis dasma ar gamoixateba, ara
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problemis dasma samkuTxedis Seqmnis
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problemis dasma mxolod imisa, rom r
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problemis dasma rom somxebsa da aze
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gavleniT ar Semoifargleba; TurqeTi
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problemis dasma sxvagvarad iyo: es
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problemis dasma da “regionebsa da
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problemis dasma politikur sakiTxebz
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problemis dasma winaaRmdeg warmoebu
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problemis dasma liderma eduard koko
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problemis dasma sufleba. 2004 wlis
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problemis dasma cielon efeqturi pol
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problemis dasma mesame, postsabWoTa
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problemis dasma normatiuli idealia,
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saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ganzomileb
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daskvna saqarTvelo: mowyvladobis ga
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1989-1993 wlebi siZneleebis xana sa
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saqarTvelos Tavdacvis politika da s
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saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urT
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Page 237 and 238: saqarTvelo da ruseTi: rTuli gza urT
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Page 287: gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da ko
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gayinuli gaurkvevloba: ruseTi da ko
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoeba da dasavleT
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stabiluri saqarTvelo ruseTis grZelv
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saqarTvelo da misi Soreuli mezobleb
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saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis modeli “
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“RerZuli are”, xolo periferiis
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pirebul polusebSi , rogorc erTi sax
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avtorTa Sesaxeb oqsana antonenko _
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avtorTa Sesaxeb bruno kopitersi _ a
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avtorTa Sesaxeb damien eli _ parizi
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antonenko, oqsana, 23-25, 51, 270,
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uS, jorj u., 35, 42, 236, 246, 259-
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demireli, suleiman, 366 derJava, 21
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veneciis komisia, 481 virq, 78 vneS
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kastels, manuel, 207, 214 kaxeTi, 8
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meri, vuein, 421 mesxeTeli Turqebi,
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344, 347, 350, 352, 380, 413, 435,
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68, 70-73, 77, 81-82, 107, 112- 114
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soWis Sexvedrebi da SeTanxmebebi, 2
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230, 234-237, 239-241, 243, 247- 24
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heli, damien, 34, 38, 40-42, 51, 47
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komitetis bolo publikaciebs Sorisaa
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