saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...
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saxelmwifoebrioba da usafrTxoeba - American Academy of Arts and ...

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problemis <strong>da</strong>sma<br />

kargad rom <strong>da</strong>vakvirdeT, vnaxavT, rom istoriulma <strong>da</strong> geografiulma<br />

garemoebebma Tavi<strong>da</strong>nve gansazRvra is <strong>da</strong>brkolebebi,<br />

romelic saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis sferoSi eqnebo<strong>da</strong>.<br />

saqarTvelo Savi zRvis auzis regionSi mdebareobs; am regionis<br />

qveynebis bedi saukuneebis manZilze, jer kidev berZnebisa <strong>da</strong><br />

skviTebis droi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>wyebuli, imperiaTa aRmocenebasa <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>cemaze iyo <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli, iqnebo<strong>da</strong> es romis, bizantiis,<br />

sparseTisa Tu TurqeTis imperiebi. xSirad ki regionis beds am<br />

imperiebis urTierT<strong>da</strong>pirispirebac gansazRvrav<strong>da</strong>, magaliTad:<br />

sparseT-TurqeTis <strong>da</strong>pirispireba XVI-XVIII saukuneebSi, ruseT-<br />

TurqeTisa _ XIX saukuneSi. droTa ganmavlobaSi momcro<br />

saxelmwifoebs an didi imperiebi STanTqavdnen, an, rac<br />

kavkasiis SemTxvevaSi mox<strong>da</strong>, isini buferul zonebad gar<strong>da</strong>iqmnebodnen<br />

(romsa <strong>da</strong> parTias, bizantiasa <strong>da</strong> arabeTs,<br />

sparseTsa <strong>da</strong> ruseTis imperias Soris). 3 saqarTvelo <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli<br />

saxelmwifo mxolod erTi saukunis ganmavlobaSi<br />

gaxl<strong>da</strong>T – bagratovanTa dinastiis “oqros xanaSi”, romelic<br />

1122 wels Tbilisis seljukebisagan gaTavisuflebiT <strong>da</strong>iwyo <strong>da</strong><br />

1220 wels saqarTveloSi monRolebis SeWriT <strong>da</strong>mTavr<strong>da</strong>. bolo<br />

ori saukunis ganmavlobaSi qveyana ruseTis, Semdeg ki sabWoTa<br />

imperiis SemadgenlobaSi imy<strong>of</strong>ebo<strong>da</strong>. Se<strong>da</strong>rebiTi Tavisuflebis<br />

periodebSi saqarTvelos mwiri arCevani hqon<strong>da</strong>: mas<br />

an <strong>da</strong>mcveli un<strong>da</strong> moeZebna <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>moukidebloba <strong>da</strong>ekarga<br />

(rogorc es XVIII saukunis bolos mox<strong>da</strong>, rodesac erekle II<br />

ruseTs mimarTa), an TviTon qveyana un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Sliliyo (XV<br />

saukuneSi, aleqs<strong>and</strong>re I Svilebis dros) an gay<strong>of</strong>iliyo (rogorc<br />

XVI saukuneSi, TurqeTis mmarTvelobis dros).<br />

dRes, rodesac saqarTvelom kvlav moipova <strong>da</strong>moukidebloba,<br />

igi seriozul <strong>da</strong>brkolebebs awydeba, rac Cveulebrivi<br />

ambavia im patara qveynebisaTvis, romlebic uzarmazari<br />

<strong>da</strong> naklebad keTilganwyobili mezoblis gverdigverd cxovroben,<br />

“gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac istoriul mexsierebas<br />

3 mwyobrad Camoyalibebuli es istoriuli Teoria ixileT: Charles King,<br />

The Black Sea: A. History (New York: Oxfors University Press, 2004)<br />

9

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