Bet kvailas žmogus įgis supratimą, Kai laukinė a - Logos

Gauta 2005-04-20
MOKSLINË MINTIS
PIRMASIS LOGIKOS AMÞIUS LIETUVOJE:
ONTINIS UNIVERSALIJØ PROBLEMOS
LYGMUO
The First Age of Logic in Lithuania: The Ontological
Level of the Problem of Universals
SUMMARY
The interpretation of the ontological level of the problem of universals, involved in logic in Lithuania
in the sixteenth century, cannot be strictly ascribed to any of the classical variants of realism and nominalism.
Such an interpretation, similar to that of Francisco Suarez, would rather be regarded as an intermediate
model between moderate realism and conceptualism. Like the moderate realists, the representatives
of the above mentioned logic (M. Úmiglecki, P. Viana and D. Ortiz) maintained that universals
are given in the very nature of individual things. But, contrary to moderate realism, Lithuanian
scholiasts refused to acknowledge the real existence of universals. In their opinion, universal nature
exists in the multitude of individuals just as much as it is cognised by the human intellect. On the
other hand, together with the conceptualists, the scholiasts of Vilnius affirmed the existence of universals
in the human intellect. But, unlike conceptualism, these authors, with the exception of Viana alone,
did not attribute the status of the universal to a common concept of particular things. The universal
was regarded as the very nature of real things, which our intellect abstracts from particularising conditions
and cognises beyond the frame of individuality. Meanwhile, the common concept was treated as
a representation of the universal, created by the human intellect.
Logikos mokslo Lietuvoje atsiradimas
sietinas su aukðtojo mokslo pradþia.
VYTIS VALATKA
Mykolo Romerio universitetas
ÁVADAS
Ið esmës jis susijæs su scholastinës filosofijos
dëstymu, o pirmoji ðios filosofijos
RAKTAÞODÞIAI. Universalija, nuosaikus realizmas, konceptualizmas, objektyvi bûtis intelekte.
KEY WORDS. Universal, moderate realism, conceptualism, objective being in intellect.
LOGOS 42
2005 BALANDIS • BIRÞELIS
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