Повний текст - Інститут проблем сучасного мистецтва

Olexiy RogotchenkoIn Ukraine the articles and works on the socialist realism appeared in theyears of 1990. Their authors break the customary stereotypes and try to give thereal and principal estimate of those events. This period of the national art is characterizedby the disclosure of the earlier concealed facts from the Ukrainian arthistory. One should here mention the researches of N. Aseyeva, M. Batog,H. Skrliarenko, S. Pobozhiy, O. Fedoruk, O. Holubets, O. Novytska, O. Petrova,M. Protas, Z. Chegusova, A. Revenko, O. Shpak, M. Selivachova, T. Kara-Vasilyeva,O. Rogotchenko, V. Ruban, O. Lahutenko, L. Lysenko, I. Mishchenko, V. Habelko,V. Kovalynsky, P. Shmahal, V. Kravchenko and others. The fundamental researchof O. Holubets «Between Freedom and Totalitarianism: Art Environment of Lviv inthe Second Half of XX Century» was published in 2001. The study and research ofthe world totalitarian systems started abroad since the end of 1940. Nowadays anumber of research papers have been translated into Ukrainian, though the majoritystill remains in the original languages. One of the largest works is «AroundPolitics» by Paul Rikel. Historians and art critics, who emigrated from the formerUSSR, hold the special place among the researchers of the Soviet totalitarianism.The papers that were forbidden in the motherland were highly appraised abroad.The fundamental and interesting researches of B. Levytsky were published inGermany in 1950–60. B. Groys, an author of «The Total Art of Stalinism», andI. Golomshtok, «of Totalitarian Art», immigrated to Germany in 1980–90.B. Lobanovsky, who wrote «Realism or Socialist Realism in the Ukrainian Art ofthe Soviet Period», moved from Ukraine to Germany. It looks like that the abovementionedauthors seem to have investigated the foreign history. However, thehistory in general, especially the art history, is one of the complicated sciences. Oneshould grasp the whole spectrum of emotions of the creators in order to draw rightconclusions. A man shall dedicate the better part of his life to comprehend theinnumerable amount of information to be capable to make self-conclusions. Thisphenomenon seems to have played the negative role in this case. The historians ofthe older generation, as a rule, turned to be unable to overcome the communisticstereotypes grasped since their childhood. The newest works of the true historicalcontent was rather important for our research as they shed out the light on the«white spots» of the Ukrainian history and some socio-political cataclysms. For anobvious reason the Ukrainian scientists turned to these issues only in the beginningof 1990. «Cost of the Breaking Point» by S. Kulchutsky, the first monograph on thefamine of 1932–1933, came out in 1991.580