iberiul-kavkasiuri enaTmecniereba XXXIX

252
n. jorbenaZe
NINO JORBENADZE
Towards the New Grouping Principles
of Nouns in Georgian
S u m m a r y
According to the modern explanations, morphology is that branch of grammar,
which studies grammatical classes of words (so called parts of speech), their
morphological categories and form-building.
Membership of words in grammatical classes takes place according to functional as
well as form characteristics. These two components should be taken into account in
distinguishing these classes (in old grammars function and a word’s meaning was
basically taken into account, and owing to this a noun, an adjective, a verb, an adverb...
are distinguished as separate parts of speech. An analogous situation occurs in
Georgian, as well: in A. Shanidze’s "Foundations of grammar" 10 parts of speech are
distinguished based on this principle).
Abovementioned two components should be taken into account in distinguishing
the groups of nouns and at this time decisive importance should be given to a formbuilding
and syntactic relations and not only to context. In accordance with it to
distinguish 4 groups of nouns in Georgian is possible:
1. nouns of who and what group;
2. animate and inanimate nouns;
3. general and proper nouns;
4. abstract nouns (that does not imply traditional abstract nouns).