Maart 2013: jaargang 10, nommer 1 - LitNet

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Thomas, J.A.C. 1975. The Institutes of Justinian. Kaapstad: Juta & Kie. LitNet Akademies Jaargang 10 (1), Maart 2013 Van Apeldoorn, L.J. 1972. Inleiding tot de studie van het Nederlandse recht.16de uitgawe. Zwolle: W.E.J. Tjeenk Willink. Van Bijnkershoek, C. 1752. Quastionum iuris privati. Amsterdam. Van der Linden, J. 1861. Regtsgeleerd, practicaal en koopmans handboek. Amsterdam. —, J. 1956. The selective Voet being the commentary on the Pandects of Johannes Voet.Vertaal deur Percival Gane.Vol. 3. Durban: Butterworths. Van der Merwe, S.W.J. e.a. 2012. Contract general principles.4de uitgawe(2012) Kaapstad: Juta & Kie. Van Leeuwen, S. 1780. Het Roomsch-Hollandsch recht. Amsterdam. Van Warmelo, P. 1960. Die uitleg van kontrakte. South African Law Journal,77:69–78, 219– 28. Van Zyl, D.H. 1979. Geskiedenis van die Romeins-Hollandse reg. Durban: Butterworths. Vinnius, A. 1679. Tractatus de pactis. Utrecht: Ultrajecti. Voet, J. 1698-1704. Commentarius ad Pandectas. Den Haag. Wigmore, J.H. 1935. A students’ textbook of the law of evidence. Brooklyn: Foundation Press. Williston, S. 1961. A treatise on the law of contracts.Vol. 4. 3de uitgawe. New York: Baker Voorlis & Co. Zeffertt, D.T. en A. Paizes. 1986. Parol evidence with particular reference to contract.Johannesburg: Centre for Banking Law. Randse Afrikaanse Universiteit. —. 2009. The South African Law of Evidence. 2de uitgawe. Durban:Lexis Nexis Butterworths. Zimmermann, R. 1990. The law of obligations – Roman foundations of civilian tradition. Kaapstad: Juta & Kie. Zuppi, A.L. 2007. The parol evidence rule: a comparative study of the common law, the civil law tradition, and lex mercatoria. Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law,35(2):233–76. 155
Eindnotas 1 Hierdie artikel is gebaseer op Bekker (2009). 2 Sien die bespreking hier onder by par. 3. LitNet Akademies Jaargang 10 (1), Maart 2013 3 Die verwantskap tussen die twee reëls word as volg verduidelik deur Watermeyer WAR in Rand Rietfontein Estates Ltd v Cohn 1937 AD 317, 326: “The difficulty which arises in practice, however, is not connected with the aim of the enquiry but with the limitations imposed by the rules of evidence upon the conduct of the enquiry. These rules limit the material which can be placed before the Court in order to ascertain the intention of the parties. In the first place there is the well-known rule that when a contract has been reduced to writing no oral evidence may be given to contradict, alter, add to or vary the written terms, and in the second place there is another rule the effect of which is that when the terms of a contract are clear and unambiguous no evidence may be given to alter such plain meaning. 4 Na noukeurige oorweging is daar besluit om die terminologie oor te neem soos gebruik deur Van der Merwe e.a. (2012:149), d.w.s. om te verwys na die ekstrinsieke-getuienis-reël as ’n oorkoepelende begrip wat bestaan uit twee subreëls, naamlik die integrasiereël en die interpretasiereël. Van der Merwe e.a.(2012:149)verwys soos volg na hulle gebruik van die terminologie t.a.v. die reëls: “The parol evidence rule has been said to comprise two distinct rules, namely the ‘integration rule’ and the ‘interpretation rule’.” Daar is besluit dat die gebruik van hierdie terminologie al die verskillende standpunte en toepassings van die reëls t.a.v. die toelaatbaarheid van ekstrinsieke getuienis die beste sal verwoord. 5 Suid Afrikaanse regskommissie, Report on Unreasonable Stipulations in Contracts and the Rectification of Contracts.Projek 47.April 1998. Vir ’n meer volledige bespreking van hierdie verslag sien Cornelius (1999:344); Bekker (2009:290–317). ’n Goeie voorbeeld van hoe die integrasiereël onbillik kan inwerk teenoor ’n kontraksparty, kan gevind word in Du Plessis v Nel 1952 1 SA 513 (A). Vir ’n volledige bespreking van hierdie saak sien Bekker (2012:275– 8). 6 Sien ook Bekker (2012:265–79), waar die standpunt ingeneem word dat die integrasiereël nie op een lyn is met die huidige kontraktuele aanspreeklikheidsbenaderings soos toegepas in die Suid-Afrikaanse kontraktereg nie, en dat daar op grond van slegs hierdie feit alleen alreeds genoeg regverdiging behoort te wees vir die afskaffing of aansienlike aanpassing van die reël in die Suid-Afrikaanse kontraktereg. 7 Vir ’n teenoorgestelde standpunt sien Malan (1987:40). Malan verwys egter slegs na die Romeinse reg in sy bespreking en geensins na die Romeins-Hollandse reg nie. 156
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