Maart 2013: jaargang 10, nommer 1 - LitNet

LitNet Akademies Jaargang 10 (1), Maart 2013
101 S v Makwanyane 1995 6 BCLR 665 (KH), 1995 3 SA 391 (KH), 1995 2 SACR 1 (KH)
par. 14; sien ook Du Plessis (2002:268-9).
102 S v Makwanyane 1995 6 BCLR 665 (KH), 1995 3 SA 391 (KH), 1995 2 SACR 1 (KH)
par. 16. Cremer (2003:23-9) is byvoorbeeld van oordeel dat in die meer onlangse verlede ’n
subjektiewe benadering tot grondwetsvertolking deur die Duitse Bundesverfassungsgericht
veld gewen het teenoor ’n tradisioneel meer objektiewe benadering. Ingevolge dié
subjektiewe benadering speel die ontstaansgeskiedenis van ’n wets- of die grondwetsteks ’n
belangrike en dikwels deurslaggewende rol by die vertolking daarvan.
103 S v Makwanyane 1995 6 BCLR 665 (KH), 1995 3 SA 391 (KH), 1995 2 SACR 1 (KH)
par. 16.
104 Government of the RSA v Grootboom 2000 11 BCLR 1169 (KH), 2001 1 SA 46 (KH).
105 Sien par. 3.5 hier bo.
106 Sien art. 7(2) van die Grondwet.
107 Sien bv. Henkin (1977:6): “Human rights began as ‘freedom from’, as limitations on
government. Those are the familiar rights of the American Bill of Rights and the French
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen; for Americans, the freedoms of the First
Amendment (speech, press, religion), freedom from unreasonable search and seizure, the
security of property, due process of law, the right to a fair trial and civilized punishment, and
analogous rights developed later - association, privacy, equal protection of the laws, a fair
deal, national government. To socialism, I think, we owe another dimension. Although in
conception socialism is collectivist and anti-individualist, its insistence that the purpose of
society and government is to promote economic-social welfare helped bring the welfare state
and pointed to individual economic and social rights. And so: human rights today include
both political and civil rights and economic and social rights, and, unlike our eighteenthcentury
American Constitution, post-World War II constitutions include not only bills of
rights like ours but also the right to live, the right to eat, the right to work, and the right to be
educated.''
108 Sien ook Müller (2009:228-9).
109 Peters (2007:285).
110 Sien par. 3.7 hier bo.
111 Soos bv. blyk uit Carmichele v Minister of Safety and Security 2001 10 BCLR 995 (KH),
2001 4 SA 938 (KH).
112 Sien par. 3.3 en par. 3.8 hier bo.
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