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222 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY NUMBER 23 roots opened wide. It was hollow now. He went in there like a weasel. That's all there is. The woodcutter's prayer for deliverance is expressed more in prose lines of irregular length than in tight couplets, so I have not tried to force it into poetic format. It appears from the conclusion of this tale that for Tonik there is no distinction between Our Lord and the Earth Lord, because the description of the man's death fits the model of those who have made a pact with the Earth Lord, and who at their death must therefore depart bodily to serve him until their debt is paid. This accounts for the confusing and seemingly confused discussion of the woodcutter's burial but only partial death. Despite the European elements of this tale (a spirit appearing There was a tiny old man. He suffered. He was poor. He had nothing at all. He was alo—ne with his wife. Begging, begging, he would arrive at his neighbor's house or whatever. He would go, go get fi—re wood. On the way ba—ck he would sell his little bit of wood. Then he would eat, if his firewood had arrived. Then if his firewood arrived or was bought, then he would buy his tortillas to eat with his wife. On the way back he would rest under a madrone tree, because there was a madrone on a rise where he could set down his firewood. God, My Lord, Whenever will I be freed of this, my hardship? Whenever will I be freed of this, my suffering, My Lord? I am wretched. With difficulty I find the pay, For Thy sunbeams, Thy shade. I cannot stand it, it seems, I cannot bear it, it seems. I grow weary, Faint with exhaustion, Every afternoon, every afternoon, Selling wood, selling wood, as I do, My Lord, he kept saying, every time, every time the poor old man rested there under the tree. I don't know how many times [he had rested] when he was pitied by, who knows what he was, whether Thunderbolt or what. A little old man appeared. "What are you doing, son? Why do you sell wood?" asked the little old man. "God, My Lord, sir, I sell woo—d because I'm so wretched. I have no money. I have nothing at all. I am all alone with my wife. I have nothing to live on," he said. The Poor Woodcutter T144 ti yisim te7 7une, pujul xa la te la 7och ech'el 7un chak k'u cha7al saben. Va7i 7un, ja7 yech yepal laj chak taj 7une. from between tree roots to bestow a magic cane on a poor man), I am unaware of the plot being repeated in tales from any other source. In 1963 Tonik told this story briefly to Victoria Bricker. Again, the woodcutter rests under a madrone tree and bewails his fate. An old man appears from between the roots to give him a magic walking stick. He baptises his baby, celebrating the event with a dance. The king, who has been informed by an envious neighbor, arrives and interrogates him. Because he had buried his charm, it is never discovered, and the king is convinced of his innocence (Bricker, T67). See also T144 and notes. 7Oy jun 7unin mol 7abol sba me7on mu k'u 7oy yu7un ta j-mek stu—k xchi7uk yajnil, k'an-limuxna k'an-limuxna la chk'ot tzna jun mi slak'-na mi k'usi xi. Va7i 7un, chba—t ba skuch tal si—7, ta sut tale—1 chchon ti yunen si7e ja7 to chve7 ti me yul ti ssi7e. 7Ora, mi yul mi ch'am i ssi7 7une ja7 7o tzman tal yot chve7 7o xchi7uk ti yajnil 7une, k'alal ta xul talel 7une, ja7 la tzkux yo7, ta yolon j-petz 7on te7, yu7n la 7o j-petz 7on te7 lek toyol ti balamil yo7 bu chchepan ti ssi7 7une. Yo7s, Kaiva71, K'u to 7onox 7ora xkol li jvokol Ii7i, K'u to 7onox 7ora xkol li kik'ti7 Ii7i, Kajva71, 7Abol ti jbae, Vokol ta jta ti stojol, Taxojobale, Tanak'obale, Mu xu7 ya7el 7un, Mu xkuch ya7el 7un, Chilub, Chijiltzaj, Ju-jun xmal ju-jun xmal, Ti chon-si7 chon-si7 ta jpase, Kajval, xi la batel ju-ten ju-ten tzkux ti prove yo mol yo7 ti yolon te7 7une. Va7i 7un, mu jna7 ta sjayibal to bwelta k'uxubaj ta yo7on ti, na7tik k'usi yabtel, mi mi 7a li chauk mi k'usi, lok' la tal jun 7unin mol. "K'usi chapas 7un, 7ijo, k'u yu7un ti chachon si7 7une?" xi la ti 7unin mol 7une. "Yo7s kajva71, senyor, ta jchon si—7 yu7un batz'i 7abol jba ch'abal jtak'in ch'abal k'u 7oy ku7un jtuk xchi7uk kajnil mu k'u cha7al xive7," xi la 7un.
TONIK NIBAK As for his children, the babies were wretched. The little boys, the little girls, both sexes, were starving. Who knows how old that man was, whether young or old or what. He had around five children, one baby, it seems. As for the baby, I don't know if that baby was three months old. It hadn't been baptised, since he hadn't money for corn, he hadn't money for anything, it seems. He was wretched. He went to sell firewood. "Ah, never mind, son, come back tomorrow, we'll talk together then," said [the stranger]. "All right," he said. The man was deli—ghted now over what he had been told. He got up early on the morning after he had arrived [at the madrone]. "I spoke to a Ladino. I don't know, what do you think it means? He told me thus and so. Come back tomorrow, son. Right here, rest here tomorrow, we'll talk together, he told me. I don't know if I'll meet him now. I guess I'll go," he said [to his wife]. He went. He went to bring the firewood. He hurried as he got the firewood. After he had gotten the wood, he tied it in a bundle. He carried it back. He arrived right on time at the place where he rested, it seems. Quickly he set down the wood. He took off his hat. He sat down. "God, My Lord, how will I be freed of my hardship?" he said. "What is your hardship, fool? You have no hardship. Take this if you want! Ask it for your food, if you'd like to eat, if you are hungry. If there is something you want, this charm will give it to you," said [the Ladino]. The golden charm was very beautiful. It was wide, it was a sash. "When you ask it for whatever you want," he said, "you speak to it like this," he said. "You [should] take off your charm." "Little sash, little sash, by the power that God has given you, I wish to eat plenty, I wish to drink plenty, I want goo—d meals, I want a good fiesta, because I am having my child baptised," he said when he was back at home. Then when he was told that by that Ladino—"/ want to have a good meal, I want to eat beef, I want to eat chicken, whatever you want, or if, I want some clothes, you say, it will give them to you. It will give you everything," said the Ladino. "Fine!" he said. The poor guy never stopped to listen. He grabbed it. He stuck it in his bag. He couldn't stop looking at it. "What if it gets lost?" he said. He took it out of his bag. "Eh, it's better if I hold on to it. Otherwise it will get lost," he said. He took it out of his bag. He was holding it now. He carried his firewood back. "Well, son, take care, you'd better sit down, you'd better rest. Rest! Rest happily! When you arrive, then your meal will arrive. When you see your meal 223 Va7i 7un, 7a ti xch'amaltak 7une te la 7abol sba ti 7unetik, chlaj vi7najuk ti 7unin krem 7unin tzeb k'utik yabtele, na7tik k'u syijil taj vinike mi yij mi 7unen k'u x7elan, jun chak vo7-vo7 ti xch'amaltake, jun la nene7 ya7el. Va7i 7un, 7a ti nene7 7une ja7 7a li mu jna7 mi yoxibal 7u yich'oj taj 7unen 7une muk' la yich'oj vo7 7un ja7 la ti ch'abal stojol yixim ch'abal stojol k'u stojol ya7el 7une 7abol la sba 7un. Va7i 7un, ba xchon ti ssi7e. "A, yiyil, 7ijo, te xatal 7ok'ob te ta jk'opon jbatik," xi la 7un. "Beno," xi la 7un. Xmuyiba—j xa la ti vinik ti x7elan 7albat 7une, sob xa la lik ta yok'omal ti k'alal k'ot 7une. "Li7 7ijk'opon jun jkaxlane mu jna7 k'usi xal xana7, ja7 yech ja7 yech niyalbe chak Ii7e, Xatal 7ok'ob, 7ijo, Ii7 xa, H7 7onox chakux 7ok'obe ta jk'opon jbatik, xiyut 7un. Mu jna7 mi jta van lavi 7une chibat kik 7un," xi la 7un. Bat la 7un ba la skuch tal ti ssi7 7une sujem la ssa7 ti ssi7 7une, laj la ssa7 ti ssi7 7une, stz'al 7un 7iskuch talel 7un, ja7 xa no la tijil tal sta ti yo7 buy ta skux ya7el 7une chep xi la ti ssi7 7une slok' la spixol 7un choti la 7un. "Dio7s kajva71, k'u7 nox xi xkol ti jvokole?" xi la 7un. "K'usi lavokole, sonso, mu k'usi 7avokol, 7ilo mi xak'ane, ja7 chak'anbe 7ave7el, mi chak ve7an mi chavi7naj mi k'usi chak'ane ja7 chayak'be li 7ixtalal H7i," xi la 7un. Melel la slekil mu 7ixtalal 7oro 7un jun sincho la 7un, 7a ti k'alal mi chak'anbe k'u chak'anbe 7une xi xak'opon 7une," xi la. Chalok' li 7avixtol 7une. "Sinchito sinchito por la virtud ke Dyos te a dado, ta jk'an lek chive7 ta jk'an lek chkuch' vo7 ta jk'an le—k ve7elil, ta jk'an lek k'in yu7n ta xkak'be yich' vo7 jch'amal," xi la taj k'alal ta sna 7une. 7Ora, taj k'al 7albat tal yu7un taj jkaxlan 7une -- "Ta jk'an Iekjve7el ta jk'an ta jti7 bek'et ta jk'an ta jk'an ta jti7 kaxlan, mi k'u chak'an, mi Ta jk'an jk'u7, mi xachi 7une chayak'be 7un, skotol chayak'be," xi la 7un, ti jkaxlan 7une. "Beno!" xi. Jiii, mu la me laj ya7i ti prove 7une stzak la 7un stik' la ta svorxa 7un, batz'i mu xa la xlaj sk'el. "7A ti xch'ay lae?" xi la. Slok'es la ti ta svorxae. "Je, mas lek ta jmich' naka ch'ayuk," xi la 7un. Slok'es la tzvorxa 7une stomoj xa la 7un, skuch la tal ti ssi7 7une. "Bweno, 7ijito, tek k'el aba 7un, tek chotlan 7un tek kuxo 7un, kuxo, kon gusto xakux, k'al xak'ote naka chk'ot 7ave7el k'al xavil 7ave7ele yu7n pechel
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Of Cabbages and Kings TALES FROM ZI
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FRONTISPIECE: Disguised Aztec merch
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ABSTRACT Laughlin, Robert M. Of Cab
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iv SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANT
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VI SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANT
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Acknowledgments It seemed a logical
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Epigraph "I see nobody on the road,
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GENESIS A second expectation create
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he himself made no connection betwe
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nineteen townships in the state of
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8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTH
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Linguistic Notes In order to make t
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Romin Tan-chak comes of a well-to-d
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Xun Vaskis FIGURE 2.—Xun Vaskis,
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FIGURE 7.—Tonik Nibak, 1961 (phot
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I'm sorry to say it was pretty well
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356 So he tossed his hair upwards.
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Postscript "Talk of many things, ..
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Acala 7Ach' Jtek-lum 7Ak'ol Mukenal
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Number Page 1. Romin Teratol 17 2.
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Aarne, Antti Amatus 1928. The Types
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Maps Nearly all the local place nam
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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