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the travaux préparatoires hague rules hague-visby rules - Comite ...

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PART II - HAGUE RULES 123Article 1(b) - The definition of “Contract of carriage”pourrait avoir pour objet une série detransports. Il demande la suppressiondans l’article 3(8) des mots “dans uncontrat de transport”.Sir Leslie Scott s’y oppose.M. Sindballe comprend que l’on veutdire par document formant titre que tousles contrats de transport doivent êtresoumis à ces règles.C’est l’avis de Sir Leslie Scott: tousles contrats de n’importe quel genre quisont aussi “documents of title” sont réglementéspar la convention. Si on rédigeun contrat sur un morceau de papieret le “document of title” sur un autreavec l’intention que le premier papier réglerales conditions du second, le jugeconsidère les deux écrits comme formantune seule convention.M. Bagge objecte qu’il est permis defaire de la sorte des contrats distinctspour des chartes-parties.Sir Leslie Scott répond que la chartepartien’est pas réellement un “documentof title”.M. Bagge signale que le transporteurpeut mettre dans une charte-partie unestipulation d’après laquelle l’affréteurremboursera ce que le transporteur auraità payer à raison de ce connaissement.L’article 3(8) ne parle que du contrat detransport. Si des connaissements sontémis, ils sont soumis à la convention;mais la charte-partie ne l’est pas.Sir Leslie Scott répète que si les partiesmettent sur un morceau de papier séparédes conditions modifiant celles duconnaissement, pareil écrit est absolumentnul et sans valeur d’après laconvention.[74]M. le Président constate que là-dessusil n’y a aucun doute.M. Richter dit qu’il subsiste un douteau sujet des mots “si des connaissementssont émis dans le cas d’un navire sousl’empire d’une charte-partie”; car à l’article1(b) il est dit que le contrat de transportcomprend également le documentsimilaire émis en vertu d’une charte-partieà partir du moment où il régit les rapmentcould have a series of voyages as itssubject. He asked for <strong>the</strong> deletion in article3(8) of <strong>the</strong> words “in a contract ofcarriage”.Sir Leslie Scott opposed this.Mr. Sindballe understood that whatwas meant by a document of title wasthat all contracts of carriage must be subjectto <strong>the</strong>se <strong>rules</strong>.That was <strong>the</strong> opinion of Sir LeslieScott: all contracts, no matter what type,that were also “documents of title” wereregulated by <strong>the</strong> convention. If onedrafted a contracts on one slip of paperand <strong>the</strong> “document of title” on ano<strong>the</strong>r,with <strong>the</strong> intention that <strong>the</strong> first paperwould regulate <strong>the</strong> conditions of <strong>the</strong> second,<strong>the</strong> judge would deem <strong>the</strong> two writtenitems to form a single agreement.Mr. Bagge objected that it was permittedto make differing contracts forcharter parties in this way.Sir Leslie Scott replied that <strong>the</strong> charterparty was not really a “document oftitle”.Mr. Bagge indicated that <strong>the</strong> carriercould include in a charter party a stipulationin which <strong>the</strong> charterer would reimbursewhat <strong>the</strong> carrier would have topay by reason of <strong>the</strong> bill of lading. Article3(8) spoke only of <strong>the</strong> contract of carriage.If bills of lading were issued, <strong>the</strong>ywere subject to <strong>the</strong> convention, but <strong>the</strong>charter party was not.Sir Leslie Scott repeated that if <strong>the</strong>parties were to put conditions alteringthose in <strong>the</strong> bill of lading on a separateslip of paper, such a written claim wascompletely null and without value under<strong>the</strong> convention.[74]The Chairman confirmed that <strong>the</strong>rewas no doubt in <strong>the</strong> matter.Mr. Richter said that a doubt remainedconcerning <strong>the</strong> words “if bills oflading are issued in <strong>the</strong> case of a ship undera charter party” because in article1(b) it was said that <strong>the</strong> contract of carriagealso included <strong>the</strong> similar documentissued under a charter party from <strong>the</strong>moment when it regulated <strong>the</strong> relations

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