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408 COMITE MARITIME INTERNATIONALThe Travaux Préparatoires of the Hague and Hague-Visby RulesARTICLE 42. Ni le transporteur ni le navire neseront responsables pour perte oudommage résultant ou provenant:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .f) du fait d’ennemis publics;ARTICLE 42. Neither the carrier nor the shipshall be responsible, for loss ordamage arising or resulting from:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .f) act of public enemies;ILA 1921 Hague ConferenceText submitted to the Conference[xlviii]2. Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be responsible for loss or damage arising orresulting from:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(e) Acts of public enemies.Second day’s proceedings - 31 August 1921[154]The Chairman: “(g) Acts of public enemies”.Lord Phillimore: What does that mean - pirates?Sir Norman Hill: That is taken, my Lord, from the Harter Act, the Canadian Act,and the Australian Act. I do not know.Lord Phillimore: It may mean pirates.Sir Norman Hill: It may mean pirates; I suppose so.The Chairman: It is difficult to know what it means. Is (g) agreed? (Agreed).Text adopted by the ConferenceNo change.CMI 1922 London ConferenceText submitted to the Conference(CMI Bulletin No. 65 - Gothenborg Conference)[367]2. Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be responsible for loss or damage arising orresulting from:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(f) act of public enemies;Text adopted by the Conference(CMI Bulletin No. 65 - Gothenborg Conference)No change.