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the travaux préparatoires hague rules hague-visby rules - Comite ...

the travaux préparatoires hague rules hague-visby rules - Comite ...

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508 COMITE MARITIME INTERNATIONALThe Travaux Préparatoires of <strong>the</strong> Hague and Hague-Visby Rulesder à son gouvernement la signature dela convention si ces deux dispositions nesont pas supprimées. La délégation anglaisea déclaré qu’elle reconnaît le bienfondéde ces objections, mais que la suppressionétait impossible parce que cesdispositions constituaient un élément dela transaction survenue entre armateurset chargeurs. Or, ces dispositions ne sontpas des éléments mais représentent bienla totalité de cette transaction. L’alinéapremier est une disposition en faveur deschargeurs et l’ancien paragraphe 6 estune compensation pour le transporteur.En supprimant donc les deux dispositions,on donne satisfaction aux intérêtsanglais.M. le Président ne croit pas que l’onpuisse recommencer cette discussion.Personne n’est obligé de faire une déclarationde valeur; mais quand on en faitune, c’est l’affaire de ceux qui veulentcourir ce risque. En pratique, il n’y a pasun connaissement sur mille qui indiquela valeur des marchandises. Il espèredonc que la délégation allemande, qui adonné tant de preuves de bonne volonté,n’insistera pas.M. Richter rappelle qu’il parle dansl’intérêt des banquiers et des tiers porteursqui sont innocents de toute fraude.M. le Président n’est pas non pluspartisan de ces dispositions pénales, maisil ne pense pas que cette question secondairedoive arrêter la convention. Ilconclut que, sous réserve de ce qui a étédit au sujet de l’article 3 (4), la commissionest d’accord pour recommander lasignature de la convention aux gouvernementssous les réserves indiquées. Il sepropose de faire un rapport que la commissionaura à approuver dans sa dernièreséance.recommend signature of <strong>the</strong> conventionto its government if <strong>the</strong>se two provisionswere not deleted. The English delegationhad declared that it recognized <strong>the</strong> foundationfor <strong>the</strong>se objections, but that deletionwas impossible because <strong>the</strong>se provisionsconstituted an element of <strong>the</strong> compromiseworked out by shipowners andshippers. The provisions were not elementsof, but represented <strong>the</strong> whole of,this compromise. The first sub-paragraphwas a provision in favor of <strong>the</strong>shippers and <strong>the</strong> former section 6 wascompensation for <strong>the</strong> carrier. Therefore,by deleting <strong>the</strong>se two provisions, <strong>the</strong>English interests would be satisfied.The Chairman did not believe onecould start this discussion again. No onewas obliged to make a declaration of value;but when one was made, it was <strong>the</strong>business of those who were willing totake <strong>the</strong> risk. In practice <strong>the</strong>re was notone bill of lading in a thousand that indicated<strong>the</strong> value of <strong>the</strong> goods. He hoped,<strong>the</strong>refore, that <strong>the</strong> German delegation,which had given so many indications ofgood will, would not insist.Mr. Richter emphasized that hespoke in <strong>the</strong> interest of bankers andholders of bills of lading who were innocentof all fraud.The Chairman was no longer a supporterof <strong>the</strong> penal provisions, but he didnot think that a question of such secondaryimportance should halt <strong>the</strong> convention.He concluded that, subject towhat had been said on article 3(4), <strong>the</strong>commission was agreed to recommend<strong>the</strong> signature of <strong>the</strong> Convention to governmentswith <strong>the</strong> various reservationsnoted. He proposed making a reportthat <strong>the</strong> Commission would have to approvein its last session.

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