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the travaux préparatoires hague rules hague-visby rules - Comite ...

the travaux préparatoires hague rules hague-visby rules - Comite ...

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360 COMITE MARITIME INTERNATIONALThe Travaux Préparatoires of <strong>the</strong> Hague and Hague-Visby Ruleschargé de sa responsabilité. (Assentiment).Septième Séance Plénière -9 Octobre 1923[120]Enfin, la commission en est arrivéeaux dispositions du par. 8 qui déclarentnulle toute clause qui serait contraire àces obligations imposées au capitaine, età cet égard il a été précisé, à la demandede certaines délégations, que cette nullités’applique à toutes conventions qui serapportent au transport. On a suggérénotamment l’hypothèse qu’il aurait étépossible, sous l’empire de cette disposition,et avec une interprétation étroite decelle-ci, de dire qu’on pourrait demanderau chargeur une lettre de garantie mettantà sa charge la responsabilité que l’article8 met à charge de l’armateur; il a étédéclaré que pareille lettre serait le corollairedu contrat de transport et tomberaitsous l’application de cette disposition.[124]M. Richter, quant au mot “dommages”,pense qu’il serait utile de constaterquelles sont les sortes de dommagestombant sous le coup de la convention, sice sont seulement les dommages matérielsque l’on vise, ou bien tous autresdommages. Il s’agit ici de l’objet mêmede la convention. La délégation allemandepourrait alors en substance adhérer àchaque proposition.M. le Président exprime l’avis qu’ilserait dangereux d’adopter des formulesde cette espèce. Il s’agit des dommagesintérêtsde droit commun pour la matièredont s’occupe la convention; mais ilest très difficile de dire que ce sont lesdommages matériels. Qu’est-ce qu’il fautentendre par dommage matériel? Est-cequ’un retard peut être considéré commetel?M. Richter craint qu’il n’emploie unmot peu approprié; il précise en disant“une lésion matérielle de la marchandise”.case where he had discharged his responsibility.(Carried).Seventh Plenary Session-9 October 1923[120]Finally, <strong>the</strong> commission arrived at <strong>the</strong>provisions in article 3(8), which declarednull and void any clause that was contraryto those obligations imposed upon<strong>the</strong> captain. In this regard, it had beenclearly stated, at <strong>the</strong> request of certaindelegations, that this nullity applied toall agreements bearing on <strong>the</strong> carriage ofgoods. The hypo<strong>the</strong>sis had been suggestedthat it would have been possible underthis provision, with a narrow interpretationof it, to say that one might ask<strong>the</strong> shipper for a letter of indemnity assuming<strong>the</strong> responsibility that article 8gave to <strong>the</strong> shipowner. It was stated thatsuch a letter would be <strong>the</strong> corollary of<strong>the</strong> contract of carriage and would fallunder <strong>the</strong> application of this provision.[124]Mr. Richter, as to <strong>the</strong> word “damages”,thought that it would be useful toestablish what were <strong>the</strong> types of damagesthat fell under <strong>the</strong> convention - if it wereonly material damages that were envisaged,or all o<strong>the</strong>r damages. This was <strong>the</strong>very subject of <strong>the</strong> Convention. The Germandelegation might <strong>the</strong>n substantiallysupport each proposal.The Chairman expressed <strong>the</strong> opinionthat it would be dangerous to adopt suchformulae. The subject-matter of <strong>the</strong> Conventionwas an issue of general law damages,but it was very difficult to say that<strong>the</strong>se were material damages. What wasone to understand by material damage?Could a delay be considered as such?Mr. Richter feared that he had used asomewhat inappropriate word. He definedwhat he meant by saying “a materialinjury to <strong>the</strong> goods”.Mr. Bagge supported <strong>the</strong> proposal of<strong>the</strong> German delegation. He could acceptone or <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r system, but it remained

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