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<strong>Child</strong> PornograPhy First report oF the Dutch NatioNal rapporteur
the protection of children against sexual violence, and connections are being sought between policy
frameworks as well as various implementing bodies. However, the path towards tackling child pornography
is not synchronous with the path towards protecting children. This is not right, and can and must be
improved. The report concludes with recommendations for the government, as well as with two figures,
in which the foregoing is displayed in concrete terms.
It is recommended that:
- An integrated approach to tackle sexual violence against children be provided, into which the programme
of measures to tackle child pornography is fully integrated.
- Clear coordination be provided, in order to give substance to the integrated approach and to implement
it.
- An independent monitoring mechanism be established.
- Continuity be safeguarded.
In the Introduction, an incomplete model (Figure 0.1) was used to show how the three aspects of child
pornography – perpetrators, victims and technology – relate to one another. In the Intervention model,
the connections with other forms of sexual violence against children are also made visible. The capacity
of being a perpetrator, the situation of victimhood and the factor of technology converge in the darkblue
area in the form of the production of child abuse material. The light-blue areas indicate the routes
by which such activity is identified and addressed. The sections of the circles that do not overlap with another
circle represent a situation in which no actual perpetrator or victim or recently-produced material
is found, but which concerns old child abuse material and the capacity of being a potential perpetrator
or a potential victim, which includes the potential for recidivism of perpetrators and re-victimisation of
victims. The Intervention model represents the focus and the perspective of the reporting task in relation
to child pornography. The core focus is the protection of children from sexual violence. The production
of child abuse material almost always goes hand in hand with such violence. A perspective which takes
child pornography into account may prove useful in protecting children from sexual violence.
In the Intervention model (Figure 4.1), which has now been completed, the findings from Chapters 2 and
3 have been linked back more closely with the three aspects of child pornography – perpetrators, victims
and technology. The types of intervention that could, together, form an integrated approach have been
filled in, so that all aspects of child pornography are covered.
The Connections model (Figure 4.2), presented hereafter, subsequently specifies the interventions that
could contribute to this and comprises specific recommendations that are connected with this.
In effect, the Connections model reflects the integrated approach in so far as policy, implementation
and connections, analogue and digital aspects, and international and regional aspects are concerned,
therefore giving substance to the approach. It provides an insight into the areas where and the levels
at which the approach needs to be integrated. It links in with the Intervention model, which illustrates
where interventions are needed to address the basic aspects of perpetrators, victims and technology.
The Connections model is a concrete extension of the Intervention model, and indicates which parties
would be able to implement which interventions at which points in time and where the added value of
collaboration and connections can be found. Whereas the Intervention model provides the routing in
more abstract terms, the Connections model is intended as a practical guideline.