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Table 1.3 Experience of sexual abuse by gender<br />

Forms of sexual violence experienced prior to the age of 16<br />

The phenomen<strong>on</strong> of child pornography<br />

Women<br />

N=3.207<br />

85<br />

Men<br />

N=3.221<br />

Be<strong>in</strong>g touched or grabbed <strong>in</strong> an <strong>in</strong>jurious manner 23% 6%<br />

Coerci<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong>to undress<strong>in</strong>g 8% 3%<br />

Produc<strong>in</strong>g record<strong>in</strong>gs/images of a sexual nature and/or show<strong>in</strong>g record<strong>in</strong>gs/images<br />

to others aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>on</strong>e’s will<br />

Be<strong>in</strong>g made to show <strong>on</strong>e’s breasts, buttocks or genitals (<strong>in</strong> a real-life situati<strong>on</strong> or <strong>on</strong><br />

the Internet) aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>on</strong>e’s will<br />

2% 1%<br />

16% 5%<br />

Be<strong>in</strong>g touched under <strong>on</strong>e’s cloth<strong>in</strong>g aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>on</strong>e’s will 17% 4%<br />

Coerci<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong>to touch<strong>in</strong>g another pers<strong>on</strong> under his/her cloth<strong>in</strong>g 8% 3%<br />

Coerci<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong>to masturbati<strong>on</strong> 4% 3%<br />

Coerci<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong>to perform<strong>in</strong>g manual sex acts (‘f<strong>in</strong>ger<strong>in</strong>g’ or masturbati<strong>on</strong>) 7% 3%<br />

Coerci<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong>to perform<strong>in</strong>g oral sex acts 5% 2%<br />

Attempted rape 9% 2%<br />

Rape 6% 2%<br />

Other 3% 1%<br />

Experience of at least <strong>on</strong>e of the above forms of sexual violence prior to the age of 16 31% 9%<br />

Experience of at least <strong>on</strong>e of the above forms of sexual violence prior to the age of 16 accord<strong>in</strong>g<br />

to <strong>on</strong>e’s own percepti<strong>on</strong> (excl. acts solely <strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g offensive remarks)<br />

Source: Bakker et al., 2009, p.91.<br />

20% 4%<br />

The number of m<strong>in</strong>ors who have experience of c<strong>on</strong>tact made <strong>on</strong>l<strong>in</strong>e for sexual purposes<br />

Various studies, both <strong>in</strong>ternati<strong>on</strong>ally and nati<strong>on</strong>ally, have shown that it is not uncomm<strong>on</strong> for m<strong>in</strong>ors/youngsters<br />

to have experience of be<strong>in</strong>g c<strong>on</strong>tacted <strong>on</strong> the Internet for sexual purposes (whether<br />

desired or undesired, by acqua<strong>in</strong>tances or strangers, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g peers). 399 To illustrate, we have briefly<br />

quoted several results here from the Youth Internet Safety Surveys (YISS), 400 which is often used as<br />

a source of reference, and from a study of the sexual experiences of Dutch children <strong>on</strong> the Internet<br />

from 2006. 401<br />

399 F<strong>in</strong>kelhor et al., 2000; Wolak et al., 2006; CEOP, 2008; de Graaf & Vanwesenbeeck, 2006; Kuyper et al.,<br />

2009; Kuyper et al., 2011; Meldpunt K<strong>in</strong>derporno op Internet [the Hotl<strong>in</strong>e Combat<strong>in</strong>g <str<strong>on</strong>g>Child</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Pornography</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong><br />

the Internet], 2009.<br />

400 F<strong>in</strong>kelhor et al., 2000; Wolak et al., 2006.<br />

401 De Graaf & Vanwesenbeeck, 2006.

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