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32<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Child</str<strong>on</strong>g> PornograPhy First report oF the Dutch NatioNal rapporteur<br />
<strong>in</strong>corporates both an analogue and a digital element. As an <strong>in</strong>ternati<strong>on</strong>al cybercrime, child pornography<br />
is not bound to time or space, and this, <strong>in</strong> itself, imposes specific requirements as far as<br />
<strong>in</strong>ternati<strong>on</strong>al cooperati<strong>on</strong> is c<strong>on</strong>cerned. As an offence, child pornography does not exist <strong>in</strong> isolati<strong>on</strong>;<br />
it always occurs (and always has occurred) <strong>in</strong> c<strong>on</strong>juncti<strong>on</strong> with other (punishable) sexual c<strong>on</strong>duct,<br />
rang<strong>in</strong>g from child prostituti<strong>on</strong> to traffick<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> human be<strong>in</strong>gs, from abuse to groom<strong>in</strong>g or corrupti<strong>on</strong>.<br />
2 The <strong>in</strong>fluence of ICT has not been limited to the nature and extent of child abuse material;<br />
<strong>in</strong> fact it has also extended to <strong>in</strong>clude other sexual offences <strong>in</strong> which children can be victims. The<br />
comm<strong>on</strong> denom<strong>in</strong>ator of these offences is that children are victims of sexual violence. This c<strong>on</strong>text<br />
and the <strong>in</strong>terc<strong>on</strong>necti<strong>on</strong> that exists are elements that must also be expressed <strong>in</strong> the form of policy<br />
and implementati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
The report below illustrates this c<strong>on</strong>text and the potential relati<strong>on</strong>ship between different offences.<br />
Parents offer their 8-year-old daughter for sex 3<br />
An 8-year-old girl was offered <strong>on</strong> the Internet by her parents for sex <strong>in</strong> return for payment. The<br />
police and the judicial authorities <strong>in</strong>tervened just before the child from Hard<strong>in</strong>xveld-Giessendam<br />
was to fall prey to a 32-year-old man from Brabant. The parents have already been <strong>in</strong> custody for<br />
four weeks […]. The 32-year-old man from Heusden <strong>in</strong> Brabant, who had stated his <strong>in</strong>tenti<strong>on</strong> to<br />
‘purchase’ the child, was also arrested. The <strong>in</strong>cident happened yesterday morn<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Child</str<strong>on</strong>g> abuse material<br />
The girl’s parents, a 44-year-old man and his wife, 43, have already been <strong>in</strong> custody for four weeks.<br />
Their arrest has been kept secret up to now due to the <strong>in</strong>terests of the <strong>in</strong>vestigati<strong>on</strong>. They are<br />
suspected of promot<strong>in</strong>g sex with a m<strong>in</strong>or, traffick<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> human be<strong>in</strong>gs, and produc<strong>in</strong>g and distribut<strong>in</strong>g<br />
child abuse material. A spokeswoman for the Public Prosecuti<strong>on</strong> Service (OM) <strong>in</strong> Rotterdam<br />
c<strong>on</strong>firmed that the child was taken from her home immediately and placed with a foster family.<br />
The Public Prosecuti<strong>on</strong> Service will make a public statement today.<br />
C<strong>on</strong>cerned family member<br />
The police received a tip-off <strong>on</strong> 12 May from a c<strong>on</strong>cerned member of the couple’s family. He had<br />
discovered, <strong>on</strong> the laptop he had borrowed from the couple, some e-mail corresp<strong>on</strong>dence between<br />
them and the 32-year-old suspect. The e-mails c<strong>on</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed negotiati<strong>on</strong>s as to how much m<strong>on</strong>ey was<br />
to be paid <strong>in</strong> exchange for sex with the child. Dozens of photographs had been exchanged, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
photos of the 8-year-old child.<br />
2 Groom<strong>in</strong>g is the term given to mak<strong>in</strong>g c<strong>on</strong>tact with children for sexual purposes. Corrupti<strong>on</strong> is allow<strong>in</strong>g<br />
a child under the age of c<strong>on</strong>sent to witness sexual abuse or sexual activities for sexual purposes.<br />
S<strong>in</strong>ce 1 January 2010, these acts have been made crim<strong>in</strong>al offences <strong>in</strong> Article 248d and 248e respectively<br />
of the Dutch Crim<strong>in</strong>al Code. The crim<strong>in</strong>alisati<strong>on</strong> of these acts came to form part of legislati<strong>on</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong> the Netherlands follow<strong>in</strong>g the ratificati<strong>on</strong> of the Lanzarote C<strong>on</strong>venti<strong>on</strong> (2007) <strong>on</strong> the Protecti<strong>on</strong><br />
of <str<strong>on</strong>g>Child</str<strong>on</strong>g>ren Aga<strong>in</strong>st Sexual Exploitati<strong>on</strong> and Sexual Abuse, Treaty Series 2008, 58. See §1.3 for further<br />
details.<br />
3 Ouders bieden dochter van 8 aan voor seks [Parents offer their 8-year-old daughter for sex], AD.nl, 9 June 2011, available<br />
at www.ad.nl/ad/nl/1012/B<strong>in</strong>nenland/article/detail/2443464/2011/06/09/Ouders-bieden-dochtervan-8-aan-voor-seks.dhtml<br />
(viewed 7 September 2011).