leses her - Fritid For Alle

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criminals from the majority population. This applies to the
programme’s effects on the young individual’s situation at school or
work, on behaviour, and on the relations to peers. Likewise, there
were no essential differences between immigrant youth and majority
youth regarding risk of relapse into crime.
In other words, traditional non-adapted intervention programmes had
the same, positive effect on minority youth as they had on majority
youth. Also, when controlled for the effects of various background
characteristics, like degree of criminal experience, or differences
between the interventions and their implementation, this conclusion
persists.
Partly, the result can be explained by the fact that the interventions
scrutinised all belong to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). These
interventions, like multi systemic therapy (MST), functional family
therapy (FFT), parent management training (PMT) and aggression
replacement training (ART) are all interactive. Long time experience
will endow the professional therapist with skills that make
communication possible across cultural differences. The types of
intervention are suitable for the direct meeting between therapist and
client.
Children and youth exposed to violence, forced marriage and
genital mutilation
Genital mutilation and forced marriage are new types of violence in
Norway. There are various interventions and measures to prevent
children from being exposed to violence and to help victims of
violence.
There is an abundant literature on forced marriage and genital
mutilation, but mainly in the light of medical problems. Nordic and
international literature searches resulted in one result, the Norwegian
project “Care and Knowledge against Genital Mutilation”. Although
not having a focus on identifying effect, the study concludes that the
project seems to function according to its intentions. However, the
child welfare sector is not very much involved, which may be
explained by the fact that no one has ever contacted the sector with a
formal notification of anxiety that a concrete case of genital mutilation
is going to happen or has already taken place. Another reason, which
is mentioned by the Norwegian project report, is the fact that working
with genital mutilation requires a degree of specialisation that is not
easily acquired by child welfare officers, who are usually submerged
in their case load.
NIBR-rapport: 2007:10