University of Vaasa - Vaasan yliopisto

Figure 4: Adaptation of the McAdam and Lambert model (McAdam et al. , 2003) to
the excellence model of the National Foundation of the Quality (FNQ, 2008)
Source: The authors
Second foundation - Values and Organizational Behavior to the Corporate Social
Responsibility
382
The Second foundation of the model refers to the organization behavior to its Socioenvironmental
responsibility, which will depend both of the individuals' values and
of the organization’s values.
Individual Values
According to Schwartz (Schwartz, 1999) the values refer the way people react or
behave in different life situations. They are criteria or goals that guide the
individuals' life and the way they behave. Agle and Caldwell (Agle et al. , 1999)
indicate that the values are integral part of the people's lives, and it is determining,
modifying and regulating the relationships among individuals, organizations,
institutions and society. For Rokeach (Rokeach, 1968) the values are manners of
conduct; it is the belief that a certain way of conduct is better than other. A value is a
pattern of behavior that is applicable for several purposes in the human life. Based on
their structure of values the individuals act, evaluate and make judgment of actions
and attitudes.
Schwartz (Schwartz, 1999) indicates that the values are forms used by the different
social players (organizational leaders, politicians, and common people) to behave, to
evaluate the other ones behaviors, as well as to explain and to judge the other’s
behaviors.