University of Vaasa - Vaasan yliopisto

Table 3 Factor analysis: variables affecting engaging in CSR
Factors and variables Loadings Reliability
Factor 1 : Relative advantage
Long-term benefits 0.638 0.888
Short-term benefits 0.703
Enhancement of competitive advantages 0.772
Recruitment of valuable employees to 0.663
Reduce cost and enhance efficiency 0.743
Corporate image 0.533
Factor 2 : Compatibility
Current corporate culture 0.819 0.873
Values and morals of decision-making 0.773
Managers’ support 0.830
Factor 3 : Complexity
Costs 0.855 0.858
Resources & time 0.890
Guidance & tools 0.828
lack-of-benchmark 0.738
Factor 4: Observability
Success evaluation 0.729 0.856
Expected effects 0.782
Acquisition of professional knowledge 0.743
Factor 5: Levels of non-voluntariness
Pressure from customers to implement CSR 0.729 0.922
Pressure from suppliers 0.851
Pressure from shareholders 0.789
Competitors have implemented CSR 0.790
Pressure from the government 0.832
Pressure from communities 0.855
Pressure from NGOs 0.782
Eigenvalue: component 1 = 8.034, 2 = 3.719, 3 = 2.905, 4 = 1.142, 5 = 1.060
(Cumulative total variance percentage explained 73.30%)
Table 4
Multiple regression analysis
Model B β t p-value
Constant 2.472 0.818 0.415
812
Relative advantage 1.398 0.172 1.519 0.131
Compatibility 2.670 0.363 3.572
Complexity –1.905 –0.254 –3.277 0.001**
Observability 0.346 0.044 0.424 0.673
Levels of non-voluntariness 0.260 0.031 0.359 0.720
Dependent variable: degree of engaging in CSR. β represents standardized
coefficients.
R 2 = 0.317, adjusted R 2 = 0.289. Regression model test (ANOVA): F = 11.344, pvalue=
000.
***Indicates statistical significance at 0.01 level.