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Reference Article 13. (2003). The Small Business and corporate social responsibility. Research Paper Article 13. [Online] [Accessed 5. May. 2009] http://www.smallbusinessjourney.com/output/Page213.asp. Auken, van, P. M., & Ireland, R. D. (1982). Plain talk about small business social responsibility Journal of Small Business Management, 20, 1, 1-3. Besser, T. L., & Miller, N. (2001). Is the good corporation dead? The community social Responsibility of small business operators. Journal of Socio-Economics, 33, 221-241. Bradford, M. G. & Kent, W. A. (1997). Human Geography Theories and their Applications. Oxford:Oxford University Press. Castka, P., Balzarova, M. A., Bamber, C. J., & Sharp, J. M. (2003). How can SMEs Effectively Implement the CSR Agenda? A UK Case Study Perspective. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 11, 140-149. Centre for Social Markets, (2003). Corporate Responsibility and SMEs, in Third Annual Conference on Corporate Citizenship: Focus on SMEs (Kolkata, India). Cochius, T. (2006). Corporate Social Responsibility in Dutch SMEs- Motivations and CSR Stakeholders , Maastricht University, International Business Studies Final thesis. 815 Department of Trade and Industry of the UK (DTI). (2003). Engaging SMEs in community & social issues. Consortium research study by Business in the Community. [Online] [Accessed 2. May. 2009] http://www.bitc.org.uk/ resources/publications/engaging_smes.html. Enderle, G. (2004). Global competition and corporate responsibilities of small and mediumsized enterprises. Business Ethics: A European View, 13, 1, 51-63. European Commission. (2002). European SMEs and Social and Environmental Responsibility. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. European Commission. (2003). Responsible Entrepreneurship. A collection of good practice cases among small and medium-sized enterprises across Europe. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Friedman, A. L., & Miles, s. (2001). SMEs and the Environment: Two Case Studies. Eco Management and Auditing, 8, 200-209. Garriga, E., & Melé, D. (2004). Corporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the Territory. Journal of Business Ethics, 53, 1/2, 51-71.
Grayson, D. (2004). How CSR Contribute to the Competitiveness of Europe in a More Sustainable World, in The world Bank Institute and the CSR Resource Centre (Netherlands), pp. 1–5. Haigh, M. & Jones, M. (2006). THE DRIVERS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: A CRITICAL REVIEW, The Business Review, 245-251. Hemingway, CA.& Maclagan, PW. (2004). Managers'Personal Values as Drivers of Corporate Social Responsibility, Journal of Business Ethics, 50, 33-44. 816 Longo, M., Mura, M., & Bonoli, A. (2005). Corporate social responsibility and corporate performance: the case of Italian SMEs. Corporate Governance, 5, 4, 28-42. Luken, R. and R. Stares: 2005, Small Business Responsibility in Developing Countries: A Threat or an Opportunity?, Business Strategy and the Environment, 14(1), 38–53. Lynes, JK. & Andrachuk, M. (2008). Motivations for corporate social and environmental responsibility: A case study of Scandinavian Airlines, Journal of International Management, 14, 377 Ip, P.-K.(2008). Corporation social responsibility and crony capitalism in Taiwan. Journal of Business Ethics, 79, 167-177. Jenkins, H. M. (2004a). A Critique of Conventional CSR Theory: An SME Perspective. Journal of General Management, 29, (4), 37-57. Jenkins, H. M. (2004b). Corporate Social Responsibility– Engaging SMEs in the debate. Working paper series, 18. Cardiff: BRASS Centre. Matten, D. & Moon, J. (2008). “Implicit” and “Explicit” CSR: A conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Review, 33 (2),404-424. McManus, T. (2008).The business strategy/corporate social responsibility “mash-up” Journal of Management Development, 27, 10, 1066-1085. Ministry of Economic Affairs, 2008, White Report of SMEs in Taiwan (in Chinese); Taipei: Smanll and Medium Enterprises Administration. [Online] [Accessed 20. April. 2009] http://book.moeasmea.gov.tw/book/doc_detail.jsp?pub_SerialNo=2008A00937&clic k=2008A00937. Moore, G.C., & Benbasat, I. (1991). Development of an Instrument at Measure the Perceptions of Adoption an Information Technology Innovation, Information System Research, 2:3, 192-222. Niblock-Siddle, R. J., & Black L. (2007). The Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility for SMEs, Australian Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility, Web: http://www.accsr.com.au
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AMOS MUMBA TARJA KETOLA (Eds) Respo
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Publisher Date of publication Vaasa
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CONTENTS Abstract in Finnish.......
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PART FIVE: CR MEASURES & STANDARDS
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PART ELEVEN: RESPONSIBLE LEADERSHIP
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PART ONE. COPORATE SUSTAINABILITY M
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Mr. Martin Clarke joined British Pr
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performances, e.g. cement productio
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“…identifying, managing and min
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The above list places emphasis acro
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Discussion: What Could Product Stew
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performance being awarded. Currentl
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CPA. 2007. Delivering sustainabilit
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Lewis. H. 2004. Defining product st
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ICRISAT - FROM A SUSTAINABLE POINT
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sorghum, pearl millet, chickpea, pi
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This action plan seems to produce g
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effects on nutrition and trace elem
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In figure two we can see the expend
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goods, but rather on insubstantial
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pressed to compete with an industri
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References CGIAR (2008). The Origin
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What is a Global Business Organizat
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The majority of the above seven cri
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38 3 Limited statement NAM 75 NAM /
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40 Statement 4 Limited Statement NA
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equirements, but at the same time b
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transition from EMS to SMS can be a
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adequate as an SMS in a GBO. Furthe
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48 Table 2: Detailed Description of
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50 substitution is recognized, but
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52 acted on Improvement Process Usi
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54 Boundary & interface between SMS
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56 System Component #6 - Value Chai
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58 requirements implemented actions
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Global Reporting Initiative (2006).
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van Tulder, R., van den Berghe, D.,
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esponsibilities to stakeholders and
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develop improvement and learning sy
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easonably well now and making them
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Responsible competitiveness The que
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examples? What are the main commitm
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Responsibility to users of products
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of independent research institutes
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development that capture and estima
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Hooghe L, Marks G. (2003). Unraveli
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Waddock, S. and Bodwell C. (2007).
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THE INTEGRATION OF CSR INTO BUSINES
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Theoretical Background Strategic CS
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against specific requirements. The
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industries (energy, utilities, oil
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Different Approaches to CSR The two
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• Electromagnetism and impact on
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Conclusions In the first stage of t
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Appendix A Level of integration of
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99 High Independent BU/Committee de
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101 McAdam, R. & Leonard, D. (2003)
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ECONOMIC DOWNTURN AND THE LANGUAGE
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105 Additionally, for Foucault, and
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Approach 107 The discussion in this
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need for firms to tighten their bel
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esult of economic-market system; th
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Resource Allocation and the Home of
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115 Such divergent views raise ques
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References Accountancy Age (2009) C
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IMAGE DIFFERENCIATION WITH CORPORAT
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121 argues that industries with a c
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123 Since not all stakeholders valu
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Empirical Findings The first propos
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127 The right amount of CR is when
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Environmentally Responsible Image D
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corporate responsibility can be a m
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References Ansoff, H. I. & McDonnel
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Miller, D. (1992). The Generic Stra
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SEED INDUSTRY RESPONSIBILITY TO AGR
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139 intellectual property protectio
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141 Thus, they stress their donatio
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Social Issues 143 Regarding the soc
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145 food system which in their opin
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DuPont (2002). Science, Solutions a
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IgNN (2008c). Brüssel will bessere
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A VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF THE ORGAN
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153 friendly ranges setting a trend
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The Main Factors Affecting The Grow
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157 Governments, particularly in Eu
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Table 4: Value addition at each sta
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organic cotton farms typically achi
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163 Cumulative value loss/ addition
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165
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167 own standards to certify variou
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Price difference in organic and con
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References 171 Alfoeldi, T., Fließ
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173 Fliessbach, A. and Mäder, P. (
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175 Sinden, J. A., Griffith, G. (20
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INSTITUTIONALISING IDEALISM: PATTER
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179 Social considerations include i
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Coercive Adoption 181 The second st
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of non-adopters; the moral content
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References Ackerman, R. (1973). How
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Economist. (2008). The next questio
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Porter, M., & Kramer, M. (2002). Th
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CULTURAL CONTEXT OF CSR: COMPARATIV
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193 power is distributed unequally.
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195 Figure 1: Values Associated wit
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197 answering the questions. Most D
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Culture in Nation-Institutions 199
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201 In line with the collectivistic
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Stakeholders 203 From the field-lev
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Codes & Policies Volunteering Phila
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207 The wealth capacity-building in
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Hannigan, J. A. (2006). Social cons
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211 Thelen, K. & Steinmo, S. (1992)
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213 Historically, Danish companies
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215 survey was carried out by email
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217 role, especially in the 1990s,
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when CSR policies in Denmark were m
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221 The business areas of the Danfo
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223 While looking at the CSR Waves,
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225 marital affairs and on financia
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whether Danfoss is considered good
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229 the making of Danfoss’ Ethics
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have, from participating in interna
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Global Reporting Initiative. G3 Gui
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Negative List for Substances and Ma
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237 and three. In both approaches k
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239 protection/environmental enhanc
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241 sufficiently informed only by b
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Table 3: Traditional versus sophist
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• Dialogue needs to go beyond dis
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and needs of CSR-for-SD as outlined
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• evaluations are externally faci
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251 • Values and cultural factors
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References 253 ACCA The Association
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Freeman, R.E. 1984. Strategic Manag
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257 Pretty, J., Shah, P. 1994. Soil
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PART THREE: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILIT
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261 business houses should follow t
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263 One other problem faced in Indi
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CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INI
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267 In spite of the increasing impo
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269 value, while either protecting
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identify the main trends of the CSR
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OIL AND GAS COMPANIES Table 1. CSR
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ENI EXXON PETROBRAS Evaluation of l
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TOTAL Promotion of several initiati
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e. Lack of Human Resources 279 The
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References Bevacqua, S. & Cascinai,
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PART FOUR: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
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285 During the past decades, litera
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287 research involved three Tuscan
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289 • in terms of preferences on
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291 followed by lack of resources a
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293 health and safety of the worker
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References Adler, P. and S.-W. Kwon
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297 Russo A. and Tencati A. 2009, F
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299 by companies in order to contri
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301 economic growth it does not con
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Anttonen (2008) has divided chemica
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305 different types of consultative
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Picture 2. The BASF business model
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309 compounds are used in all indus
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311 Halme, M., Anttonen, M., Kuisma
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DOES OPEN INNOVATION STREGHTHEN COR
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Sustainable Change and CR 315 Due t
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317 OIM are all methods that open t
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319 expressive than an instrumental
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Results 321 It is new to accept and
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on process User mainly need- and kn
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325 interaction enables companies t
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References Alvesson, M. (2005). Und
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329 Hübscher, M. & Müller, M. (20
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Walcher, D. (2007). Der Ideenwettbe
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333 The current context in which or
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335 existence and are able to survi
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337 particular the political and le
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339 local variants emerged in Scand
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341 However, these output oriented
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Regarding the activity S2 ‘Stakeh
Page 359 and 360:
References Achterbergh, J., Vriens,
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Nieuwkamp, B.E.M. (2008). De arbeid
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FINANCIAL VALUE MEASUREMENT OF CORP
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351 responsibility issues (roadmap)
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353 financial valuation measures. T
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Table 1. Features in the various ph
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sustainability data gathering and i
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Table 3. Sustainability-related GRI
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Three Illustrations of Deriving and
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363 where it uses renewable resourc
Page 379 and 380:
References Adams, C. A. (2004). The
Page 381 and 382:
367 Niskala, M., & Schadewitz, H. (
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Huhtamäki (Materials) Kemira (Mate
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OKO (Finance) organization with who
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373 [1] Global Reporting Initiative
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Introduction 375 The concepts relat
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Model Foundations First foundation
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As we can see in the Figure 2, on t
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381 model in subject. Through these
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383 For Schwartz and Bilsky (SCHWAR
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385 • Reaction: The organization
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Figure 7: Tripod of the sustainabil
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389 The second fundament of the mod
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Figure 10: Organizational Social Pe
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Figure 13: Wilber’s Model Source:
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Figure 15: Model of sustainable exc
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Figure 17: Proposal of model evalua
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399 Figure 19: Relationships took i
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Jung, C. F. (2003). Metodologia Cie
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Werre, Marco. & Marcel. Van Marrewi
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THE CASE OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES: ARE
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407 The present paper aims to revie
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Belgium Law of 13 April 1995 United
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Social Enteprise: Some Definitions
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The Social Entrepreneurship Accordi
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Figure 1 The blurring sectoral boun
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f) An initiative launched by a grou
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References Alter, S.K. (2004) Socia
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A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE FAIRTRA
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423 constituting the social (Faircl
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425 Once economic behaviour is no l
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427 link to Fairtrade, in which Fai
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France: Producers and Competition 4
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UK: Producers and Competition 431 W
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that for Fairtrade to work it has t
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436 01/01/2007 01/01/2007 01/01/200
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438 01/01/2003 01/01/2003 01/01/200
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440 Jaworski, A. & Coupland, N. (19
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PART SEVEN: PUBLIC - PRIVATE PARTNE
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444 It also examines the applicabil
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446 critical resources controlled b
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448 In October 2008, NVPC launched
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S$1 policy but perhaps other more i
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References Azlan A, Lim LL, Yahya S
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PART EIGHT: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILIT
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organizations, with different aims
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458 Decentralization and local gove
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460 When multiple actors involved i
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462 Governance, economy, social cap
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464 In this sense, analysing a terr
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Partnerships Social Capital 466 - S
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468 The level of civic participatio
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Conclusion - Quality of the environ
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Garvin, T. et al. (2009). Community
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THE EFFECTS OF “DEPENDENCY” ON
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how, this dependence inhibits effec
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478 the MNC effectively. This secti
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480 regulation via CSR policy, whic
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482 potential consumer base in each
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References 484 An Roinn Gnóthaí P
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Lambe. A., Directors' Compliance St
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INVESTIGATING THE PRINCIPLES OF COR
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490 economic and institutional deve
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492 and corporate governance. The w
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494 corporate stakeholders, of weal
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496 failures by corporate boards to
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498 fashion", therefore I intend to
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
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An Overview of Environmental Manage
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Feichtinger and Pregernig, 2005; Gr
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Survey Questionnaire 506 The raw da
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Table 4. Variables used to compute
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inhabitants and workers) and the ex
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512 particular purchase, the incent
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514 which limits the adoption of be
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Conclusions 516 The overall profile
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Cuthill, M. (2002). Exploratory res
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520 Lundberg, K., Balforsa, B. and
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RELATIONAL GOVERNANCE AND THE DEVEL
Page 537 and 538:
524 national-level plans to constru
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Relational Governance 526 One of th
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Case Studies: Vankorneft and the Ev
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The shape of Russian public CSR pol
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Report on CSR in the forestry indus
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534 At the Turukhansk district leve
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536 Russian federal legislature vio
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538 The maintenance of the long-ter
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References 540 Albareda, L., Lozano
Page 555 and 556:
542 Moon, J. (2004). Government as
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PART NINE: RENEWABLE ENERGY 544
Page 559 and 560:
546 generating the various form of
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• The lack of basic infrastructur
Page 563 and 564:
550 − A Tool for assessing the ec
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ARTICULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND S
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- Cramer Commission56, - Renewable
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556 conditions + + + + + + + + Prop
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Figure 1 - Impacts of direct and in
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Figure 3 - Impacts of direct and in
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Figure 6 - Impacts of agricultural
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Agricultural practices have also im
Page 579 and 580:
566 Nevertheless, land-use changes
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- Discussion possibilities, - Free
Page 583 and 584:
References ACCS (2007a). AFS Standa
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Renewable Fuels Agency (2008), The
Page 587 and 588:
Abstract SUPPLY CHAIN ISSUES OF BIO
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576 adjusted to the specific condit
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energy and logistics/SCM. Follow-up
Page 593 and 594:
Madlener & Bachhiesl 2007 Perry & R
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Elghali et al. 2007 Madlener & Bach
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584 on the other hand state that a
Page 599 and 600:
586 expeller, olive cake and wood p
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588 torrefaction and pelletisation
Page 603 and 604:
Berglund, M. (2006). Biogas product
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SUSTAINABILITY CYCLE ASSESMENT OF B
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Figure 1. Cradle-to-grave grave app
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Table 1. Environmental, social cult
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Table 2. Environmental, social cult
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600 In summary, while biodiesel is
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602 nature after use: when the soli
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604 the creation, refinement, use a
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Test Results 606 Biogases are envir
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ID=78&articleID=1163 608 WCED (1987
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610 business of sustainability and
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Table 2. The Equator Principles and
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614 Strategic orientation of firms
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616 Natural gas fuels over 99 perce
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618 building a Hydrogen Energy plan
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620 principles that are related to
Page 635 and 636:
Impact on Climate Change Conclusion
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Falck, O. & Heblich, S. Corporate s
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ROBIN HOOD THEOREM: A WAY FOR ENERG
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628 communities have to contend and
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630 to power basic devices like TV
Page 645 and 646:
References Abavana, G. C, (2004). G
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INTRA-INDUSTRY IMITATION IN ENVIRON
Page 649 and 650:
636 The legislation has also contri
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In general, the larger the organisa
Page 653 and 654:
Content Analysis 640 In order to be
Page 655 and 656:
642 One of the key questions in ass
Page 657 and 658:
Table 4. Stakeholder considered by
Page 659 and 660:
646 Table 5. GRI indicators accordi
Page 661 and 662:
Refferences Adams, C.A. (2004). The
Page 663 and 664:
Gray, R. (2006). Does Sustainabilit
Page 665 and 666:
SUPPLY CHAIN CORPORATE RESPONSIBILI
Page 667 and 668:
654 The sample was selected from th
Page 669 and 670:
Table 2 Survey Categories used to E
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y reading the relevant sections. Th
Page 673 and 674:
660 Perhaps not surprisingly compan
Page 675 and 676:
662 Only 3 companies reported the e
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iodiversity (IPES, 2008). The IPES
Page 679 and 680:
usiness level playing field and, wh
Page 681 and 682:
668 EICC. (2006). Electronic Indust
Page 683 and 684:
PART ELEVEN: RESPONSIBLE LEADERSHIP
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Value Basis 672 Finding one’s tru
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674 The lure of quick profits, stat
Page 689 and 690:
676 politics he talked and wrote ab
Page 691 and 692:
The Responsible Leadership Identiti
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villages of Bangladesh. He set up a
Page 695 and 696:
States: Building Blocks of Some Res
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Conclusions Matching Individual, Or
Page 699 and 700:
686 The different characteristics o
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Issue: Corporate Responsibility & D
Page 703 and 704:
690 society at large”. Other defi
Page 705 and 706:
Table 1. Reasons for implementing e
Page 707 and 708:
694 environment and develop a bette
Page 709 and 710:
696 Does this imply that corporate
Page 711 and 712:
and certifying environmental manage
Page 713 and 714:
Perspective from law, economics, an
Page 715 and 716:
702 However neither Japan nor Germa
Page 717 and 718:
704 community pressure, and environ
Page 719 and 720:
706 international competitiveness (
Page 721 and 722:
708 and Alberini 2002). The functio
Page 723 and 724:
Public Politics and Private Politic
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these three actors have been strong
Page 727 and 728:
714 Imura, H. (2005). Japan's Envir
Page 729 and 730:
716 technical aspects of environmen
Page 731 and 732:
718 However, a more in-depth discus
Page 733 and 734:
720 empirically tested in a number
Page 735 and 736:
722 the level of awareness and envi
Page 737 and 738:
724 solutions might even exaggerate
Page 739 and 740:
References Albrecht, D., Bultena, G
Page 741 and 742:
728 Klein, K. J. & Kozlowski, S. W.
Page 743 and 744:
PART TWELVE: SMEs & CORPORATE RESPO
Page 745 and 746:
732 SMEs, Training and Sustainabili
Page 747 and 748:
734 The values of an SME are predom
Page 749 and 750:
SMEs, but these have rarely lived u
Page 751 and 752:
738 believe that this course of act
Page 753 and 754:
(Revell and Rutherfoord, 2003). The
Page 755 and 756:
Diagram 2: Conceptual Framework - F
Page 757 and 758:
Reference 744 Ammenberg, J. and Hje
Page 759 and 760:
746 Hall, G, 1989). Lack of Finance
Page 761 and 762:
748 Sheridan, P., (2001). Directors
Page 763 and 764:
750 theories focus on the transfera
Page 765 and 766:
752 traditional models of managemen
Page 767 and 768:
end of the fifth year of life marks
Page 769 and 770:
Figure 1 The model The Research The
Page 771 and 772:
The Area Selected and the Ccow Buff
Page 773 and 774:
760 The Plan must guarantee the att
Page 775 and 776:
Managerial Implications, Limits of
Page 777 and 778: Freeman R.E. (1984). Strategic Mana
Page 779 and 780: CSR-TOOLS FOR SMEs - COMPARATIVE AN
Page 781 and 782: Features of CSR in SMEs 768 CSR was
Page 783 and 784: 770 mostly provide overviews and in
Page 785 and 786: 772 The CSR Quality Seal is essenti
Page 787 and 788: 774 into its strategic as well as o
Page 789 and 790: Outcome and Conclusions 776 BLISS w
Page 791 and 792: References Bhuiyan, N. & Bagehel, A
Page 793 and 794: 780 Honen, P. & Potts, J. (2007). C
Page 795 and 796: 782 SUPPLY - CHAIN ENVIRONMENTAL MA
Page 797 and 798: 784 offers a useful discussion and
Page 799 and 800: 786 22’ noted by Fanshawe (2000)
Page 801 and 802: 788 action) and the sense made of t
Page 803 and 804: 790 The latter provided clear benef
Page 805 and 806: 792 Figure 3 - Describing the Behav
Page 807 and 808: 794 Interestingly though, and despi
Page 809 and 810: Summary and Comment 796 In the earl
Page 811 and 812: de Wit, B. and Meyer, R. (1999). St
Page 813 and 814: Remenyi, D., Williams, B., Money, A
Page 815 and 816: FACTORS AFFECTING THE ENGAGING IN C
Page 817 and 818: 804 this issue can be examined with
Page 819 and 820: Table 1 List of factors affecting f
Page 821 and 822: voluntariness” proposed by Moore
Page 823 and 824: Table 2: The state of CSR practices
Page 825 and 826: Table 3 Factor analysis: variables
Page 827: 814 However, there are also challen
Page 831 and 832: Spence, L. J. , & Rutherfoord, R. (
Page 833 and 834: 820 This paper draws on both primar
Page 835 and 836: Case Studies 822 The case studies e
Page 837 and 838: Rationale and Start up 824 In this
Page 839 and 840: 826 own standards, and those of her
Page 841 and 842: 828 Finally all three of these case
Page 843 and 844: References Journal Articles 830 Goo
Page 845 and 846: CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY: A CRICIAL
Page 847 and 848: 834 The most visible parts of the c
Page 849 and 850: Accordingly, referring to Basu and
Page 851 and 852: measures on the other hand show hug
Page 853 and 854: policies are accompanied by company
Page 855 and 856: Conclusion 842 The described percep
Page 857 and 858: Eckert, S. et al. (2007). Nachhalti
Page 859 and 860: Nielsen, A.E. & Thomsen, C. (2009)
Page 861 and 862: PART THIRTEEN: CONSUMERS AND ETHICS
Page 863 and 864: 850 (www.fairtrade.net). Different
Page 865 and 866: 852 Organizations International) an
Page 867 and 868: 854 The first step of the research
Page 869 and 870: Table 1- Knowledge measurement stat
Page 871 and 872: • Quality aspect: quality of the
Page 873 and 874: References Blowfield, Mick. (2003).
Page 875 and 876: GAMBLING, SMOKING AND DRINKING: WHA
Page 877 and 878: 864 assistance was given by license
Page 879 and 880:
261) suggested that they had some i
Page 881 and 882:
868 or banned altogether. Only one
Page 883 and 884:
Lantos, G.P. (1999). ‘Motivating
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