ICOM International Council of Museums - International Institute for ...

LA VIRTUALIDAD A LAS PUERTAS DEL SIGLO XXISusana Bautista - Argentina - Universidad Nacional de La PlataAbstractThe concept of Museum derives from the idea of collecting cultural objects alonghistory. For this purpose different physical spaces have been utilized:temples,coliseum, theatre, middle age churches, castles, monasteries, cathedrals,palaces and others.Today museums must trascend their walls, they must give answer to society abouthistory records, cultural patrimony as memory of the past, and cultural events thatmake up people’s identity. The tradicional museum is the place where we look, knowand learn.With the expansion of modernity and the development of information’s technologies(IT) and comunication’s technologies (CT) the world changes and, of course, theconcept of museum, too.With the arrival of new technologies (internet, networks, digital tools) the concept ofvirtual museum appears as a non- conventional space of exhibition, information andcommunication. In this place the virtual visitor selects with only a mouse’s click what hechooses to see following infinite directions, and inventing his own tour. Every virtualsite will determine the node or nodes ( definicion by Eliseo Veron).The virtual navigator will access instantaneously to hyperlinks directing him to moreand more information. This new technology is very important to be applyed at schoolsof primary level,We recognized the importance of schools as a guardian of patrimony and historytransmission to our children, but very few students visit museums or have thepossibility to visit them ( for many reasons).New technologies will help schools to party accomplish their goal as history and identitytransmitters to younger generations by only to be access to a PC and a conexión toInternet.“La multiplicación contemporánea de los espacios hacede nosotros un nuevo tipo de nómades...”Pierre Levy.El concepto de museo surge como consecuencia del afán de coleccionar, de atesorarobjetos culturales a través de la Historia de las diferentes civilizaciones e imperios,todos han tenido sus espacios físicos para tales fines: el templo, el coliseo, el teatro, laiglesia del medioevo, los castillos, los monasterios y catedrales, los palacios, entremuchos otros.Hoy día el museo como creador de lenguajes, productor de sentido, generador depercepciones individuales y colectivas debe expresarse mas allá de los muros delmismo, tiene que dar respuesta a la sociedad como vehículo de conocimiento yregistro de la historia y de sus bienes patrimoniales, muebles e inmuebles, tangibles eintangibles testimonio y memoria del pasado y de los hechos culturales constituyentesde la identidad de los pueblos.En la sociedad contemporánea los museos se han convertido por diferentes razonesen un fenómeno socio cultural tal lo indica una declaración de ICOFOM, ciudad deBuenos Aires 1986, “...los museos del “Tercer Mundo” señalaron la necesidad de quela institución museo se transforme en un instrumento de cambio social”.141