1 TÜRKİYE PROFESYONEL LİGLERİNDE GÖREV ... - Spor Bilim

(Harkönen et al. 1993). In our study, the dominant hand was the right one in all of
the subjects and values of grip and pinch strength were higher than those of the left
hand except only in the tip pinch of the wrestlers.
Hand size can be an important factor in the level of grip strength
measurement. Fess suggested that there was some correlation between finger length
and maximal grip strength but Firrell et al. however, did not observe any relationship
between hand size and maximal grip strength (Fess 1982, Firrell and Crain 1996). In
our study, there was no correlation between maximal grip and hand, finger length
and palm span in university students, but there were correlations between maximal
grip and palm span and finger length in wrestlers.
Positions of the wrist, elbow and shoulder joints can affect hand grip strength.
Pryce found no significant difference in grip strength with 0° and 15° wrist extension
and ulnar deviation, but he observed lower grip strength scores when the wrist was
positioned in 15° palmar flexion and 30° ulnar deviation (Pryce 1980). Balogun et al.
showed that the highest value of grip strength was in standing position with the
elbow in full extension (Balogun et al.1991). Su et al. observed that the highest mean
grip strength measurement was positioned at 180° shoulder flexion with the elbow in
full extension (Su et al. 1994). The American Society of Hand Therapists
recommendation for testing both grip and pinch strengths was followed in this study.
Subjects were seated on a chair without armrests and the shoulder was adducted and
neutrally rotated, the elbow at 90° flexion, and forearm and wrist were in neutral
position.
Our results were compared with the literature involving the same age groups.
Maximal grip strength was obtained in the second setting of the Jamar dynamometer
both in university students and wrestlers in our study. However, in a Finnish study
(Harkönen et al. 1993), maximal grip strength was obtained in the third setting in
males aged under 30 years. Mathiowetz et al.(Mathiowetz et al. 1986) reported a
mean 108±24,6 libra (lb.) grip strength for the right hand, 93±27,8 lb. grip strength
for the left hand in the second setting of the Jamar dynamometer, a mean 17±3,8 lb.
tip pinch for the right hand, 16,1±3,8 lb. tip pinch for the left hand, a mean 23,5±4,1
lb. key pinch for the right hand, 22,9±4,0 lb. key pinch for the left hand, a mean
23,8±4,3 lb. palmar pinch for the right hand, 23,4±4,5 lb. palmar pinch for the left
hand in males aged 18-19 years. Grip strength values in our study were lower than
the results of Mathiowetz et al.’s study for the right hand, but our results for the left
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