LieÃ„ÂivÃƒÂ© rastliny v meniacich sa environmentÃƒÂ¡lnych podmienkach

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Vliv biotických a abiotických stresorů na vlastnosti rostlin 11.5.2005 F V /F P 0.9 bez infekce infikované 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0 kontrola H2O DMSO mT MeOR H2O DMSO mT MeOR kontrola bez infekce H2O DMSO mT MeOR infikované H2O DMSO mT MeOR 500 400 300 200 100 0 míra peroxidace lipidů [% kontroly] Obr. 3: Maximální fotochemická účinnost fotosystému II (F V /F P ) a míra peroxidace lipidů u kontrolních listů salátu (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Cobham Green) a u listových disků po 12 dnech inkubace v destilované vodě (H 2 O), 0,5% dimethylsulfoxidu (DMSO), v 2·10 -4 M roztoku meta-topolinu (mT) a 2·10 -4 M roztoku ribozidu 3-MeOBAPR (MeOR) - srovnání listových disků infikovaných B. lactucae a bez infekce. Uvedeny mediány a kvartily, n = 8 (F V /F P ) nebo průměry a SD, n = 3 (míra peroxidace lipidů). Literatura /1/ Jameson, P. (2000): Cytokinins and auxins in plant-pathogen interactions - An overview. Plant Growth Regul 32, 369-380 /2/ Hare, P.D., Cress, W.A., van Staden, J. (1997): The involvement of cytokinins in plant responses to environmental stress. Plant Growth Regul 23, 79-103 /3/ Ashby, A.M. (2000): Biotrophy and the cytokinin conundrum. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 57, 147-158 /4/ Balázs, E., Király, Z. (1981): Virus content and symptom expression in Samsun tobacco treated with kinetin and a benzimidazole derivative. Phytopath Z 100, 356-360 /5/ Mills, P.R., Gussine, J., Wood, R.S.K. (1986): Induction of resistance in cucumber to Colletotrichum lagenarium by 6-benzylaminopurine. J Phytopathol 116, 11-17 /6/ Sarhan, A.R.T, Király, Z., Sziráki, I., Smedegaard-Petersen, V. (1991): Increased levels of cytokinins in barley leaves having the systemic acquired resistence to Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker. J Phytopathol 131, 101-108 /7/ Holub, J., Hanuš, J., Hanke, D.E., Strnad, M. (1998): Biological activity of cytokinins from ortho- and meta-hydroxybenzyladenine. Plant Growth Regul 26, 109-115 307
Vliv biotických a abiotických stresorů na vlastnosti rostlin 11.5.2005 /8/ Tarkowská, D., Doležal, K., Tarkowski, P., Astot, C., Holub, J., Fuksová, K., Schmulling, T., Sandberg, G., Strnad, M. (2003): Identification of new aromatic cytokinins in Arabidopsis thaliana and Populus x canadiensis leaves by LC-(+)ESI-MS and capillary liquid chromato-graphy/frit-fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Physiol Plant 117, 579-590 /9/ Lebeda, A. (1986): Bremia lactucae. In: Lebeda, A. /ed./: Metody testování rezistence zelenin vůči rostlinným patogenům. VHJ Sempra, VŠÚZ Olomouc, 105-113 /10/ Lichtenthaler, H.K. (1987): Chlorophylls and carotenoids – pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. – In: Colowick, S.P., Kaplan, N.O. /ed./: Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 148. Pp. 350-382. Academic Press, San Diego – New York – Berkeley – Boston – London – Sydney – Tokyo – Toronto /11/ Dan, K., Nagata, M., Yamashita, I. (1996): Changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant content in cotyledons of japanese radish. J Jap Soc Hort Sci 65, 603-608 /12/ Sedlářová, M., Lebeda, A., Pink, D.A.C. (2001): The early stages of interaction between effective and non-effective race-specific genes in Lactuca sativa, wild Lactuca spp. and Bremia lactucae (race NL 16). J Plant Dis Prot 108, 477-489 /13/ Vlčková, A., Špundová, M., Kotabová, E., Novotný, R., Doležal. K., Nauš, J. (2005): Protective cytokinin action switches to damaging during senescence of detached wheat leaves in continuous light. Physiol Plant, v recenzním řízení. /14/ Špundová M, Popelková H, Ilík P, Skotnica J, Novotný R, Nauš J (2003): Ultrastructural and functional changes in the chloroplasts of detached barley leaves senescing under dark and light conditions. J Plant Physiol 160, 1051–1058 Effect of exogenous application of cytokinins on pathogenesis of Bremia lactucae and photosynthetic parameters of host plant Key words: Bremia lactucae – carotenoids – chlorophylls – Lactuca sativa –lipid peroxidation – photosystem II Summary Exogenous application of cytokinin solutions (2.10 -4 M meta-topolin and riboside 3- MeOBAPR) on detached leaf discs of susceptible plants Lactuca sativa L. (Cobham Green) 24 h before inoculation suppressed sporulation and conidia formation of Bremia lactucae (causa agent of lettuce downy mildew). In host leaf tissue, the effect of cytokinin application on changes in photosynthetic parameters (chlorophyll and carotenoid content, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II) and cell membranes (level of lipid peroxidation) induced by senescence and pathogenesis was studied. The exogenous application of cytokinins did not influence the decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid content induced by senescence. Cytokinins stimulated the decrease in the efficiency of PSII in the non-infected leaf discs, whereas in the infected ones they suppressed it. The exogenous application of cytokinins reduced the increase in lipid peroxidation in both infected and non-infected leaf discs. Poděkování Tyto výsledky jsou součástí projektu financovaného výzkumným záměrem MŠMT ČR č. MSM 6198959215 a GAČR 522/02/D011. 308
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