Liečivé rastliny v meniacich sa environmentálnych podmienkach

Vliv abiotických a biotických stresorů na vlastnosti rostlin 11.5.2005
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Influence of Stresses on Successful Cryopreservation.
Key words: cryopreservation – abiotic stress - in vitro
There are shortly reviewed all stresses which can influence plant shoot tips - the most
important object for cryopreservation. High humidity, low radiation, poor ventilation in
closed tissue cultures are stress conditions by themselves. Mechanical wounding during
dissection of shoot tips before cryopreservation, is important stress too. Hardening of plant
shoot tips at low temperatures as well as dehydration in osmotic solution or air desiccation
resulting in the low water content of shoots made them suitable for freezing to liquid nitrogen
temperature. Rapid and/or slow freezing rate are both avoiding ice crystal formation in cells
during freezing. The same design – rapid warming is used to avoid recrystallization. Partly
injured plant cells are exposed to osmotic stress when they are transferred back on the
growing medium surface. Knowledge of all conditions involving stress in cells decreases the
risk leading to high percentage of regeneration of plants after cryopreservation.
Poděkování
Tyto výsledky jsou součástí projektů 522/01/1339 a 522/02/D089 financovaných z prostředků
GAČR.
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