Edição Nº 19 - Uneb

Biología del monstruo: la identidad del otro en el positivismo del Cono Sur
mais (bem diferente e, mais ainda, habitante do outro espaço territorial), o
problema para o Poder da oligarquia não é crítico; mas quando esse Outro
está emigrando à ipsidade, este corre o risco de se esfumar e “perverter”
na Outridade. Trata-se, em suma, de interpretar (construir) e denominar
ao Outro para colonizar-lhe e, por conseqüência, também, para caracterizar-lhe
e tipificar-lhe, com o único fim de “diferenciar-lhe”.
Palavras-chave: “Monstro” – Identidade étnica – Outridade – Mesmidade
– Ipsidad – Colonizar – Ética - Estética
ABSTRACT
BIOLOGY OF THE MONSTER: THE IDENTITY OF THE
OTHER IN THE POSITIVISM OF THE SOUTH CONE
This study approaches the thought of the Latin-American positivism
concerning the constructions of the identity of the American ethnic Other.
For the positivist intellectuals, understanding the Other consisted in
“penetrating the Ipsiness and the alterness” to incorporate them to the
horizon of the understanding of the European culture in constant
expansion. The ethnic Other was configured in the imaginary of the
directing classes as a “monster” that had to be defined, catalogued and
dominated. For them the mixed race was the immediate monster, the
one who cornered and subverted the ethic and aesthetic values (and
occultly economical: fact that so-called intellectuals accepted interestedly)
of the power. When the Other is the Otherness with no further (very
different and, moreover, inhabitant of the other territorial space), the
problem for the Power of the oligarchy is not critical; but when this
Other is emigrating to the ipsiness, he takes the risk of coaling himself
and “perverting” in the Otherness. Inshort, it is about interpreting
(constructing) and denominating the Other to colonize him and, as a
consequence, also, to characterize him and typify him, with the only
objective of “differentiating” him.
Key words: “Monster” – Ethnic Identity – Otherness – Sameness –
Ipsiness – Colonize – Ethics – Aesthetic
¡Y todo barajado, revuelto, yuxtapuesto sin soldarse,
formando un guisado de cosas de Asia, de África,
de Europa, de América! ¡Qué manjar más indigesto
para los historiadores, los literatos, los críticos,
los antropólogos! (...) ...sobre el porvenir de ese caos
de luces y tinieblas, duda el mismo Dios.
(Carlos O. Bunge)
Yo le aseguro a su ilustrísima que en lo que se refiere
a animales de Indias nada puede ser creído ni despachado
tampoco sin mejor argumento. Se diría que el día de su
creación, al Señor le temblaba un poco el pulso.
(Antonio de la Huerte)
Todo lo que nace del hombre [del indio] es pura ficción.
La condición natural de éste es ser malo, y también de la
54 Revista da FAEEBA – Educação e Contemporaneidade, Salvador, v. 12, n. 19, p. 53-60, jan./jun., 2003