u perspek - Filozofski fakultet u Splitu

More documents

Recommendations

Info

god.18, sv.3, str.669–685. Zagreb. 1998. [95] B. Žarnić. Validity of Practical Inference. ILLC Scientific Publications: PP–1999–23. Institute for Logic, Language and Computation.University of Amsterdam. 1999. 294
Summary This book contains two papers arranged in inverted chronological order. The second is entit1ed Validity of Practical Inference and it is author’s doctoral thesis (2000.). The first paper, entitled Imperative logic and dynamic semantics (2004.) contains further elaboration of the ideas presented in the thesis. The book presents a development of a system of update semantics for practical logic. In the broad perspective, the theme deals with an open problem in the philosophy of social sciences and humanities. It is widely accepted that reason explanations (rationalizations) provide an autonomous methodological ground for explaining actions. On the other hand, the tests of validity for inferences employed in reason explanations do not coincide in their results. In the second paper various influential approaches in practical logic have been compared and evaluated. A way to reconcile contradictory results of proposed tests of validity has been proposed. The analysis has shown that consequence relation in practical logic is not a standard one: the conclusion may be defeated by addition of a premise. We have chosen the term ‘prima facie consequence relation’ to denote the non-monotonic property of consequence relation in practical logic. In order to model this kind of defeasible reasoning we have used the framework of dynamic semantics. Throughout the book several systems of update semantics for practical propositional logic have been constructed and examined. The second paper presents the system of Fiat/Est logic, which was intended to cover on the general level the interaction between two directions of fit (“word to world” and “world to word” fit) both for sentences and for intentional states. The first paper treats imperative logic as the basic level of practical logic. A formal semantics for imperatives is developed 295
Page 1 and 2:
U PERSPEK- TIVI DINAMIČNE SEMANTIK
Page 3 and 4:
Strana za odbaciti. 3
Page 5 and 6:
Sadržaj Zahvale 7 Predgovor 9 IMPE
Page 7:
Zahvale Mnogima dugujem zahvalnost
Page 11:
IMPERATIVNA LOGIKA I DINAMIČNA SEM
Page 14 and 15:
govoreći, tumač na raspolaganju i
Page 16 and 17:
pq p q - pq p q pq p - pq q - p q -
Page 18 and 19:
akko Posljedica 0-promjena-provjera
Page 20 and 21:
0 pq p q - p∨q pq p q pq q - p∨
Page 22 and 23:
Geach [40] str. 77. Ako slijedimo p
Page 24 and 25:
24 Modalni element, radikal i seman
Page 26 and 27:
aspon mogućih aktualnih i budućih
Page 28 and 29:
Definicija 2.8 Istinitost u situaci
Page 30 and 31:
Koristeći zapis 5 «s dva radikala
Page 32 and 33:
Niz rečenica ϕ 1; ...;ϕ n iz jez
Page 34 and 35:
«Interakcija izme ¯du teorijskog
Page 36 and 37:
Primjedba 3.1 Dokazi prethodnih lem
Page 38 and 39:
članova, tj. |D| = n.Tadazasvakiw
Page 40 and 41:
Budući da wk ∈ S, onda a ∈ S.
Page 42 and 43:
42 neprihvaćena rečenica, jer ⎡
Page 44 and 45:
Dokaz. Rutinski uz primjenu tvrdnje
Page 46 and 47:
Lema 3.6 Neka je s1,...,sn tekst iz
Page 48 and 49:
stanje hα, γi da vrijedi ili hα,
Page 50 and 51:
Definicija 3.12 Stanje σ je minima
Page 52 and 53:
tradikcija. (Slično vrijedi za pre
Page 54 and 55:
Tvrdnja 3.10 Rečenica ϕ je prihva
Page 57 and 58:
4 Prima facie posljedica Metafora:
Page 59 and 60:
(u dijelu jezika pod razmatranjem)
Page 61 and 62:
Neizvjesnost pruža prirodno stani
Page 63 and 64:
strane, pojam 0-promjena-provjera p
Page 65 and 66:
3.1, i tvrdnja 3.3), tj. premise ko
Page 67 and 68:
prozor’. Ako takva zapovijed ipak
Page 69:
(i koji time ima istu povijest kao
Page 72 and 73:
u eliminativnim sustavima obnavljan
Page 74 and 75:
ϕ Razori Razori ϕ! ϕ! Očuvaj O
Page 76 and 77:
Definicija 5.4 Stanje hα, γ, πi
Page 78 and 79:
Definicija5.10(Negacijatvrdnjeoprav
Page 80 and 81:
Jedan primjer. Primjer 5.1 Formaliz
Page 82 and 83:
Po ovdje predloženom pristupu mi
Page 84 and 85:
· σ £ ·ψ →! P ϕ ¤ ½ £ ¤
Page 86 and 87:
Definicija 6.4 Skup M je skup trenu
Page 88 and 89:
Definicija 6.15 Akosurečenice ϕ i
Page 90 and 91:
· hρ, πi[! O ϕ)] = hρ, πi [·
Page 92 and 93:
Primjer 6.3 ’Pošalji pismo! Ti g
Page 94 and 95:
Lema 6.2 hProm,Resi [·nf(mem1(mem1
Page 96 and 97:
cionalnog imperativa sljedeći: ρ
Page 98 and 99:
Lema 6.5 Dokaz. Rutinski. Instanca
Page 100 and 101:
disjunkcije bilo valjano, nitko ne
Page 103:
VALJANOST PRAKTIČNOG ZAKLJUČKA 10
Page 106 and 107:
azjašnjavanju brojnih značenjskih
Page 108 and 109:
adekvatno objašnjenje za posebnu n
Page 110 and 111:
takav pojam o želji kao ciljnom st
Page 112 and 113:
ulogu u praktičnom zaključivanju
Page 114 and 115:
nečega. Nikomahova etika, 1139b U
Page 116 and 117:
nakama dijelimo na izjavne (indikat
Page 118 and 119:
intencionalnog objašnjenja zahtjev
Page 120 and 121:
slika mjerene strukture akko R(a1,.
Page 122 and 123:
nesvjesnim razlozima, ponašanje ko
Page 124 and 125:
3. postoji trenutak m ∗ koji je i
Page 126 and 127:
Definicija 2.8 Istinitost stit reč
Page 128 and 129:
[αdstit: p], M,m1/h1 ² p → q,al
Page 130 and 131:
Benthem opisuje s dvo-razinskom log
Page 132 and 133:
· M,s1,s2 ² ϕ? akko s1 = s2 i M,
Page 134 and 135:
Tablica 1 prikazuje odnose izme ¯d
Page 136 and 137:
Provjera Izbor σ : hψ?i ϕ σ :
Page 138 and 139:
Primjer 3.8 Polazeći od tautologij
Page 140 and 141:
stanjima. Znak ’#’ upućuje na
Page 142 and 143:
propozicije kako bi opisala učinke
Page 144 and 145:
· kα∩βk = kαk∩kβk · kα;
Page 146 and 147:
Ostavljajući usporedbu funkcionaln
Page 148 and 149:
akko ¬∃y (hx, yi ∈{hx, yi |x v
Page 150 and 151:
«update-semantici» [79] Kripke mo
Page 152 and 153:
logikeimodalnelogikejevanEijckovaid
Page 154 and 155:
∀σ : kϕ 1; ...; ϕ nk σ = σ
Page 156 and 157:
inkonzistentan (tj. njegovo usvajan
Page 158 and 159:
na dinamičnu logiku. U ovom počet
Page 160 and 161:
· Model je par hD, Ii gdje - domen
Page 162 and 163:
1. (Izvanjski dinamične) promjena-
Page 164 and 165:
k∃xP (x) → Q(x)k = | {z } b ½
Page 166 and 167:
kP (c) ∧ Q(x)k = = {hg,hi |∃k :
Page 168 and 169:
Groenendijk i Stokof koriste samo p
Page 170 and 171:
kQ(x)kk∃x¬P = (x)kkQ(x)k0 {hh, h
Page 172 and 173:
je model drugog reda σ = hP, Ri, g
Page 174 and 175:
Različitost utjecaja pitanja na ko
Page 176 and 177:
predikatskoj logici. Iz gore navede
Page 178 and 179:
4. QL slijed τ! ² ϕ! reducira se
Page 180 and 181:
{hw, vi ∈C | Vw(τ!) = Vv(τ!) =
Page 182 and 183:
ečenica promjena onda ne postoje n
Page 184 and 185:
suigračeve ploče možemo zamislit
Page 186 and 187:
V (ϕ) ∈{>, ⊥}. U filozofijskom
Page 188 and 189:
eliminaciju svjetova iz S5 modalnog
Page 190 and 191:
klasičnim su se pristupima rečeni
Page 192 and 193:
tretiraju propozicije, preciznije
Page 194 and 195:
sada da se moguće stanje stvari op
Page 196 and 197:
iječima, relativizacija pokazuje d
Page 198 and 199:
modusa za svrhe sintakse, a relacij
Page 200 and 201:
odrediti vrijedi li A i upostaviti
Page 202 and 203:
Wallace u raspravu uvodi nove termi
Page 204 and 205:
stanja (tj. obavijesti o toj promje
Page 206 and 207:
B oblika proglašava valjanim (vidi
Page 208 and 209:
ostavruju različite oblike logičk
Page 210 and 211:
0 P O evoluciji modela možemo misl
Page 212 and 213:
način da je ϕ istinito u svakoj t
Page 214 and 215:
{p,q} {q} ∅ Model [Est¤(p → q)
Page 216 and 217:
prihvaćenog cilja. U tipičnom slu
Page 218 and 219:
· kϕk M ∩ GM 6= ∅ · k¬ϕk M
Page 220 and 221:
dok GM = {w |∃v : wRv} predstavlj
Page 222 and 223:
nemaju informacijskog sadržaja jer
Page 224 and 225:
Motivacijska ekstenzija Fiat(ϕ),..
Page 226 and 227:
i. ’Fiat’i’Fiat¦’ ii. ’E
Page 228 and 229:
Definicija 4.20 Model σ verificira
Page 230 and 231:
⎧ ⎨ [Fiat(ψ)] σ ako [Est(ϕ)]
Page 232 and 233:
Definicija 4.26 Model σ 0 je minim
Page 234 and 235:
Rečenica ϕ može imati jednu od s
Page 236 and 237:
Sada imam dovoljan razlog za biranj
Page 238 and 239:
Mogući relativni ciljevi mogu post
Page 240 and 241:
svjetovi postali 1. stanje SC bez i
Page 242 and 243:
sprihvaćenim pravilnostima. Ta pre
Page 244 and 245: iti protumačeno kao stanje zadovol
Page 246 and 247: hP, ∅i nije stanje zadovoljstva j
Page 248 and 249: modusom to nije slučaj. Tvrdnja 4.
Page 250 and 251: modalne iskaze u metafizičkom smis
Page 252 and 253: Baveći se pravilima s iznimkama (
Page 254 and 255: 4.3.4.1 Zabrane i ciljevi Negaciju
Page 256 and 257: Sporna je tema odnosa izme ¯du mod
Page 258 and 259: motivacijskom stanju u kojem je Fia
Page 260 and 261: pokazuje srodnost s evaluativnim st
Page 262 and 263: je uslišavanje prijateljičine mol
Page 264 and 265: 4.3.8 Kriterij valjanosti U prakti
Page 266 and 267: motivacijske vrste M. Spomenuti uvj
Page 268 and 269: · 0=hW, W × W i [Fiat(p)] 0 = hW,
Page 270 and 271: motivacijsko stanje pa do donošenj
Page 272 and 273: ključak je valjan, u protivnom nev
Page 274 and 275: svijet eliminiran s test konkluzije
Page 276 and 277: · Moram se odmoriti. Ako iza ¯dem
Page 278 and 279: Na toj osnovi autor daje tehničko
Page 280 and 281: zaključka i objašnjenja pomoću r
Page 283 and 284: Podaci o radovima Rad Valjanost pra
Page 285: Visoka učiteljska škola Sveučili
Page 288 and 289: Philosophy 62(4), str. 85-96., 1965
Page 290 and 291: Blackwell. Oxford, 1972. [41] Göde
Page 292 and 293: ence. U: N.Rescher (ured.). The Log
Page 296 and 297: and checked against some open probl
Page 298 and 299: 298 171, 173, 174, 178, 180 Groenev
show all

u perspek - Filozofski fakultet u Splitu

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?