World Energy Outlook 2007

Box 10.4: Carbon Capture and Storage in China (Continued)
A micro-pilot ECBM (Enhanced Coal-Bed Methane Recovery)
project in Shanxi province. 11 Initial results indicate a four-fold
increase in the performance of the CO 2
-ECBM recovery process and
that CO 2
storage in high-rank anthracite coal seams is possible in the
Qinshui basin (Jianping, 2005).
A demonstration project at the Yantai IGCC Plant (with the option
of future CCS and hydrogen production) (Shisen, 2006). The
300-400 MW demonstration power plant will burn high-sulphur
(2-3%) bituminous coal and is planned for 2010. It will closely
follow the China Huaneng (CHNG) Greengen first stage plan for a
250 MW IGCC plant. The second phase of the Greengen will have
a 400 MW IGCC and CO 2
separation / H 2
power and is planned for
operation in 2015.
Thanks to the extensive knowledge base that exists in oil and gas in
China, including enhanced oil recovery applications (China ranks first in
the world in terms of the proportion of oilfields using EOR), CO 2
-EOR
could gain early implementation (Qian et al., 2006). CO 2
injection was
in use in Daqing between 1990 and 1995 and has been used in Subei.
China is the largest producer of hydroelectricity in the world, producing
397 TWh in 2005. Hydropower is expected to rise to 1 005 TWh in 2030, but
its share of total power output will fall from 16% to 12%. China is actively
engaged in the development of other sources of renewables to generate
electricity, mainly wind power, biomass and solar photovoltaic. Generation
from these sources is expected to reach 263 TWh in 2030, about 3% of total
electricity. Renewable energy is discussed in more detail later in the chapter.
Combined heat and power (CHP) accounted for over 11% of total installed
generating capacity in 2005. The heat from CHP has been mainly used in
China in the industrial sector and for central heating in northern cities. Coal
remains the predominant fuel, with a small amount of oil use and natural gas
now beginning to be used in this application. Efforts are being made to
encourage gas-fired CHP schemes. A dozen pilot projects of gas-fuelled
trigeneration are being undertaken in Shanghai and Beijing. The potential for
CHP is significant, mostly concentrated in Beijing, Tianjing, regions in the
Yangtze River Deltas, including Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces,
where direct coal combustion is now forbidden in many cities. The Pearl River
Delta regions also have good potential. Power generation from CHP plants is
projected to reach 611 TWh in 2030.
11. China’s coal-bed methane resources total more than 30 trillion m 3 of gas in place (Lako, 2002).
Although more analysis is needed to arrive at a representative figure for China, the typical ratio for CO 2
in ECBM is two molecules of CO 2
for one molecule of CH 4
(methane).
348 World Energy Outlook 2007 - CHINA’S ENERGY PROSPECTS