CORRUPTION Syndromes of Corruption

Table 3.3: Corruption and development indicators
Country Group 1 2 3 4
Corruption type: Influence
Markets (18)
Elite
Cartels (21)
Oligarchs and
Clans (30)
Official
Moguls (29)
Analysis of
variance
Indicator (range) (Source): p ¼
TI Index 2003 (inverted: 0–10) TI 1.9 5.4 6.9 7.0 .000
Human Development 2001 .92 .80 .65 .57 .000
0.0–1.0 (HDR 2003)
Sources:
1. TI ¼ Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index for 2003 http://www.transparency.org/
2. HDR ¼ UNDP Human Development Report 2003 http://www.undp.org/