CORRUPTION Syndromes of Corruption
CORRUPTION Syndromes of Corruption
CORRUPTION Syndromes of Corruption
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
262 Index<br />
Japan (cont.)<br />
state bureaucracy 77, 78, 80, 81, 85<br />
zoku (political tribe or network) 81, 83<br />
Johnson, Lyndon, US President 64<br />
Jordan 41<br />
justice 187, 218–219<br />
Kanemaru Shin, LDP Deputy Secretary<br />
General 78, 80<br />
Kasyanov, Mikhail, Russian Anti-<br />
<strong>Corruption</strong> Council 135<br />
Keating, Charles H., and ‘‘Keating Five’’<br />
senators 68<br />
Kenya<br />
civil society 169, 175, 176<br />
economic liberalization 170, 175–176<br />
effect <strong>of</strong> electoral competition 21, 169,<br />
174, 184<br />
judicial corruption 169, 171, 173, 176<br />
Kenya African National Union (KANU)<br />
171, 175<br />
land thefts 31, 170, 174–175<br />
Moi’s monopoly corruption 172–173<br />
National Rainbow Coalition (NARC)<br />
171<br />
National Social Security Fund plundered<br />
169, 173<br />
new Constitution proposed 170<br />
Official Mogul corruption 48, 158,<br />
169–177<br />
origins <strong>of</strong> corruption 170–172<br />
political opposition 171, 175<br />
poverty 176–177<br />
scandals 172<br />
tribal divisions 173<br />
Kenyatta, Jomo 170–171<br />
Kenyatta, Uhuru 171<br />
Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, Russian oligarch<br />
125, 126, 127, 134<br />
Kibaki, Mwai, president <strong>of</strong> Kenya 169,<br />
171–172, 173<br />
Kim Dae Jung, president <strong>of</strong> South Korea<br />
104, 108, 113<br />
Kim Hyung Chul 109<br />
Kim, Jay, US congressman 68<br />
Kim Young Sam, president <strong>of</strong> South Korea<br />
105, 108, 109<br />
kleptocracy 46<br />
Klitgaard, Robert, ‘<strong>Corruption</strong> equals<br />
Monopoly plus Discretion minus<br />
Accountability’ 25<br />
Kohl, Helmut 75–76<br />
kompromat (evidence <strong>of</strong> corruption), as<br />
saleable commodity 128<br />
Kurtz, Carlos Ahumada 150<br />
Kuwait 14<br />
Kwach, Richard Otieno, Kenyan judge 173<br />
Kwangju massacre, Korea 108<br />
Kyô wa steel and construction firm, Japan 79<br />
Kyowa Sugar, Japan 79<br />
Lambsdorff, Graf 75<br />
land thefts, Kenya 31, 170, 174–175<br />
law<br />
independence <strong>of</strong> judiciaries 204, 208<br />
role <strong>of</strong> courts in markets 9<br />
rule <strong>of</strong>, in China 167<br />
law enforcement<br />
Mexico 150<br />
and Official Mogul corruption 184<br />
for Oligarch and Clan reforms 208<br />
Russia 132, 136<br />
weak 121, 128, 129<br />
Lee Hyun Woo 108<br />
Lee Kwan Yew, prime minister <strong>of</strong> Singapore<br />
211<br />
legislation, effect <strong>of</strong> political funding on<br />
(US) 71<br />
Li Zhongshan 164<br />
liberalization 37, 216<br />
and good governance 2, 13<br />
incomplete 6, 14, 19, 199<br />
and institutions 187<br />
<strong>of</strong> markets 1<br />
and Oligarch and Clan countries 121<br />
and strong state 195<br />
and weakening <strong>of</strong> institutions 218<br />
see also economic liberalization; political<br />
liberalization<br />
lobbyists, US 71<br />
Lockheed scandal<br />
in Germany 75<br />
in Japan 79, 82<br />
Lopez, Eugenio 142<br />
Lopez family, Philippines 120, 142<br />
López Portillo, José, President <strong>of</strong> Mexico 149<br />
Lorimer, William, US senator 68<br />
Lukens,DonaldE.‘Buz’,UScongressman68<br />
mafias 37, 45<br />
in Russia 124, 129, 130<br />
Magna Carta 217–218<br />
Magni, Luca 99<br />
Mao Zedong 159<br />
Marcos, Ferdinand, president <strong>of</strong><br />
Philippines 120, 136, 141<br />
declaration <strong>of</strong> martial law (1972) 140,<br />
141<br />
regime <strong>of</strong> 139–142<br />
relations with oligarchs 137, 140
Change language