International Review of Waste Management Policy - Department of ...

the source of the natural gas, and on the pollution control regime undertaken by the
plant.
Table 63-32: Emissions Offset by Electricity Generation at AD Plant
1029
International Review of Waste Policy: Annexes
Emissions Emissions Emissions from from biogas biogas combustion combustion combustion (g (g / / tonne tonne
tonne
of of waste waste to to process)
process)
Dust -31
NOx -268
Hydrocarbons -15
SO2 -35
Source: Ecoinvent (2004) Ecoinvent Data v1.1, Final Reports Ecoinvent 2000, No. 1-15, Swiss Centre
for Life Cycle Inventories, Dubendorf, 2004
63.9.2.2 Use of the Upgraded Biogas to Fuel Vehicles
The size of vehicle has a considerable impact on its emissions. Fuel consumption is
far greater for heavier vehicles such as lorries and buses in comparison to cars,
resulting in higher emissions per km. Both liquid fuel and gas operated heavy goods
vehicles have seen considerable improvements in emissions over the past decade.
There remains, however, considerable variation in performance between currently the
available vehicles using either fuel.
Table 63-33 shows the emissions data used within our model of environmental
impacts associated with the use of biogas to fuel vehicles, taken from a Finnish study
produced in 2003. This data has been used because compares gas operated and
liquid fuelled engine performance using similar Euro III engines, thus allowing the
differential in performance associated with the type of fuel to be more accurately
assessed. Although the Finnish study looked at emissions from natural gas buses, as
opposed to those fuelled on biogas, the data is consistent with emissions data from
Scandinavia and France where biogas-fuelled buses are more widely used. 1275
1275 C. Plombin (2003) Biogas as Vehicle Fuel: A European Overview: Trendsetter Report No 2003:3,
Stockholm; Bio-NETT (2008) Bio-methane in Lille: A Case Study