International Review of Waste Management Policy - Department of ...

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� Choosing collection schemes and tools most suited to achieve the targets
mandated by the Decree (e.g. doorstep collection, road containers, civic
amenity sites, etc.)
� The assessment of contributions for the MSW tax; this includes specific
parameters to be defined for each category (type of dwelling, commercial
activity, etc) and tax savings for households with low incomes or belonging to
particular categories (e.g. with a single person, or doing home composting,
etc.).
The municipality has to consider any guidance or guidelines issued by Institutions at
higher levels (districts, provinces, etc.), though adherence to such guidelines is not
compulsory; in particular, the strategies defined by the Waste Management Plan
issued by the region and/or the province have to be considered.
Before 1999, all businesses and citizens in Italy paid a waste management levy
(typically based on the size and type of property) related to the overall cost of waste
management but unrelated to the individual quantities of waste produced. This
meant cross-subsidisation of high waste producing households by low waste
producers, as well as subsidisation of household produced waste by businesses.
Along with the Ronchi Decree, the Decree of the President of the Republic 158/1999
provides the basis for a new system of waste management charging based upon ‘payby-use’
systems. It was the Ronchi Decree which first gave voice to the principle of
pay-by-use, but although the Decree contains this as a general principle, it is the later
Decree which provides for implementation details. It was intended that as of January
2008, all municipalities would be operating a variable charge system constituting two
parts:
� A fixed portion determined by the basic components of the service, particularly
investment and depreciation;
� A variable portion linked to the quantity of waste produced, service provided,
and management costs, in order to ensure full coverage of investment and
operational costs.
Further simplified details on fee structuring from the legislation are given in Table 8-1.
Table 8-1: Parameters for Application of the Fee in Italy
Type Type of of user user
Terms Terms for for determining determining the the fee fee
Reduction
Reduction
Fixed Fixed portion portion
Variable Variable portion portion
Variable Variable portion
portion
Household
Household
Non-
Non
household
household
Area and factor relative
to the size of the
household
Area and waste
production factor per
activity
International Review of Waste Policy: Annexes
Quantity of waste produced and
factor relative to the size of the
household
Quantity of waste produced and
production factor per activity
Participation in
sorting schemes
Waste intended for
recovery
Source: The IWM charging review: Eunomia (2003) To Charge or Not to Charge? Final report to IWM(EB)
It may also be noted that collection of dry recyclables is partially subsidised by the
producer responsibility organisation, the National Association of Packaging Producers
(CONAI). Each municipality receives financial support proportional to the quantity and