International Review of Waste Management Policy - Department of ...

production has declined by 15% over the period following introduction of charging in
1995. The amount of residual waste has declined significantly, while the amount of
waste recycled or composted has increased from approximately 15% in 1994 to
nearly 50% in 2004. The quantity of waste recycled has increased by over 250%.
Figure 8-3: Effects of Volume-based Waste Fee in Korea
Waste Qauntity (tonnes per day)
130
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
29/09/09
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Year
Residual Waste
Waste Recycled / Composted
Source: Korea Environmental Policy Bulletin, Update Version of Issue 1, Volume 1, January 2006.
Once again, however, the nature of waste collection service and recycling centre
provision is important as this also influences performance. Other things being equal,
a new charging system would be expected to encourage both prevention and
recycling, but any accompanying new or expanded recycling services will lead to a
change in performance whether charges on waste were applied or not.
The following subsections attempt to draw together some individual lessons learnt on
the effects of charging.
8.5.3 Impact of Different Charging and Collection Structures
A general assumption may be made that the order of ranking for both waste
prevention and recycling is likely to be as follows, with the charging system achieving
greatest effect listed first:
� Weight (including biowaste) and frequency based (including biowaste);
� Sack based (including biowaste);
� Weight based (excl biowaste);
� Frequency based;
� Sack based (refuse only);