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The all-inclusive systematic efforts to develop unified theory that will explain
all observed uniformities of social behavior, organization and social change.
While focusing more precisely on how symbols are linked to propositions and
their claims, Table 2 illustrates that, only Gaia is an assimilated point of reference
among environmentalists. Althought the Green Games were a short term proposal
and a sucessfull and emblematic response on the part of Lillehammer and the
imagery building media, Olympia, Coubertin and Gaia-Olympia signify existing
symbolic representations of sport and the environment combined.
Table 2: Environment and sport theory. Foundations and meanings
Ultimately, Table 2 represents on epistemological break in the redefinitions
and overall coherence of sport environmentalism. But as yet it is a work in
progress, insufficient to draw uniformities at all. Unless this five-levels model for
the structure of knowledge is recognized to represent on element of truth, its
scientific validity is thereby applied only as foundations to some future theory.
Nevertheless, these conclusions must be attached to a fact-value
multidisciplinary botton-line originally resulted in Table 1 and developed further
into on epistemological critique in Table 2. Ecological conscious philosophers
otherwise interpret these positivist approaches as reducionist in their nature,
implying often acceptance of the on-going process of theory building. This new
validity criterion is expressively called symbiosis by Arne Naess in Deep Ecology.
In other words meanings are visions as basic and significant as foundations (41) .
Eugene Hargrove endorses this thesis by explanning the peculiarites of the socalled
environmental science: (42)
Humans have most sucessfully manipulated nature by applying principles from
physical sciences… No comparable degree of manipulative ability has as yet been
Meio ambiente, esporte, Lazer e turismo 169