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are presupposed observers of the Olympic Movement. Conversely, the IOC members
and managers since the start up of the 1999 reform have been not able to openly
respond on the subject that they are reforming. Thus, the solution for surveying
governance and ethics in the IOC grounds was to elect Olympic scholars as
sources of assessment.
As such, former ethical and policy -making assumptions as addressed in previous
sections of this paper were formulated in nine items referred to the ongoing IOC
reform. These statements were included as a part of a questionnaire sent to 50
selected scholars, from June to November, 2000. The instrument was originally
referred to an investigation aiming to scrutinise the IOC moral crisis and the role
of Olympic scholars in face of ethical and values inadequacies in the Olympic
movement ( DaCosta, 2000).
The data-gathering instrument totalled 26 position statements to be checked
in terms of frequency of agreements besides avoiding individual identification.
The nine items regarding the ongoing IOC reforms should be checked as proposals
considered both theoretically valid and appropriate as endorsements from Olympic
scholars. For the purpose of this paper, only the results from the latter set of
statements will be presented and discussed while the complete study is being
publishing elsewhere.
Concerning the potential respondents, the delimitation was planned to include
Olympic scholars from all continents, both sexes and with Ph. D. degrees conferred
in less than ten years ( 10 yr ). The profile of these
respondents was outlined as an active professor with a Ph.D. degree dedicated to
Olympic Studies. The percentage of returns from the total of 50 questionnaires
distributed by Internet and surface mail was 72%, totaling 36 respondents being 8
( 22,2%) women and 28 ( 77,8% ) men. The group with more than 10 years of Ph.D.
experience totaled 20 (55%) respondents and the younger group , 16 ( 45%). The
continental distribution of respondents were: Europe - 13 (36,1%); North America
- 11 (30,5%); Asia - 6 ( 16,6%); Latin America - 5 (13,8%); Africa - 1 (2,7%). By
countries, major sources of respondents were Canada - 6 (16,6%); Germany - 6
(16,6%); USA - 5 (13,8%); UK - 4 (11,1%). Thus, these four countries alone totaled
58,3% of respondents with English speaking nations dominance.
Also, the group of 36 Olympic scholars declared 16 specialization involvement
beside Olympic Studies such as : history - 38% ; sport sciences - 27%; education -
13,8%; philosophy - 8,3%; ethics - 5,5% and others with 7,4%. Moreover, 30,5% of
these respondents had consultant or executive functions in Olympic Movement’s
different bodies ( IOC commissions, Sydney’s SOCOG, National Olympic Academies
etc.). Despite this complementary profile, the group of respondents cannot be
seem as representative of Olympic scholars but only as a small-group of these
specialists able to try out preliminary answers to the question initially proposed.
336 Meio ambiente, esporte, Lazer e turismo