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the UNDP, putting forward the major issues identified in the study with percentage<br />

of respondents mentioning issue ( UNEP, 1999 ):<br />

( 1 st ) Freshwater scarcity and pollution - 57 %<br />

( 2 nd ) Climate change - 51 %<br />

( 3 rd ) Deforestation and desertification - 28 %<br />

( 4 th ) Poor governance - 27 %<br />

( 5 th ) Loss of biodiversity - 23 %<br />

( 6 th ) Population growth and movement - 22 %<br />

( 7 th ) Changing social values - 21 %<br />

( 8 th ) Waste disposal - 20 %<br />

( 9 th ) Air pollution - 20 %<br />

( 10 th ) Soil deterioration - 18 %.<br />

Summing up, “poor governance” was detected as the 4 th choice among 36 critical<br />

environmental issues, most of them with less than 18 % citations from a total of 200<br />

environmental experts from 50 countries. This category related to both Agenda 21<br />

requirements and environmental ethics claims may be certainly included among<br />

those problems that exist now as suggested by the survey but which are not<br />

receiving enough policy attention. Therefore, the previous suggested change of<br />

international main sport institutions in their central approaches to the environment<br />

protection and legacy may be matched with the “poor governance” problem<br />

detected in the more encompassing perspectives of environmental matters.[…]<br />

Of course, most of the threats listed in hierarchical order by the UNDP outlook<br />

for the 21 st century have been acknowledged since the eloquent warnings for<br />

“saving the Earth” of the 1970s. The novelty here is the lack of adequate<br />

governance often dependent of operational appropriateness and ethical basis.<br />

Another feature revealed by the governance factor put now in such high importance<br />

among other historical problems, is the weakness of the Agenda 21 when dealing<br />

with powerful partners in the transition to environmental sound use of resources.<br />

The recent overthrow of the Kyoto Protocol for the reduction of greenhouse gas<br />

emissions is strongly confirming the key importance of poor governance in<br />

addition to the lack of values-led policies.<br />

GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS<br />

<strong>In</strong> short, in 2001 global perspectives, the environment and sport theme is<br />

seemingly changing its international focus in order to emphasise adequate<br />

Meio ambiente, esporte, Lazer e turismo 333

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