INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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I have not been working, he has not been working, we have not been wor king. 4. Present Perfect Continuousning so‘roq shakli birinchi yordamchi fe’lni eganing oldiga o‘tkazish bilan yasaladi: Have (has) + ega + been + Ving? Have I been working? Has he been working? Have we been working? Bo‘lishli shakli Bo‘lishsiz shakli So‘roq shakli I have been working He (She, it) has been working We have been working You have been wor king They have been wor king I have not been wor king He (she, it) has not been working We have not been wor king You have not been wor king They have not been wor king 100 Have I been working? Has he (she, it) been working? Have we been wor king? Have you been wor king? Have they been wor king? HOZIRGI TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLA<strong>TILI</strong>SHI 1. Present Perfect Continuous o‘tgan zamonda boshlanib hozir ham davom etayotgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. Bu zamon uchun ish-hara katning sodir bolish vaqtini ko‘rsatish zarur. Present Perfect Continuous for an hour bir soat davomida, for a month bir oy davomida, for a long time uzoq vaqt davomida, since yesterday kechadan buyon, since fi ve o’c lock soat beshdan buyon, how long qancha vaqt, since when qachondan buyon kabi vaqt ko‘rsatkichlari bilan ishlatiladi: I have been waiting for my brother Men akamni uzoq vaqt (davo- for a long time. mida) kutayapman. I have been reading the newspaper Men gazetani soat beshdan bu- since fi ve o’clock. yon o‘qiyapman. What have you been doing here Ertalabdan buyon bu yerda since early morning? –I have been nima qilayapsiz? – Imtihonimga preparing for my examination. tayyorlanayapman. He has been living in London for U Londonda besh yil (davomi- fi ve years. da) yashayapti. He has been teaching English since U 1998-yildan buyon ingliz tili- 1998. dan dars beradi. How long has he been living in Lon- U Londonda qancha (qachondon?dan buyon) yashayapti? Since when have you been working Siz bu zavodda qachondan bu- at this factory? yon ishlayapsiz?
2. Present Perfect Continuous hozir davom etayotgan ish-harakatni va odatiy, doimiy ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. Yuqoridagi misollarda ishharakatni qancha davom etishini ko‘rsatuvchi vaqt ko‘rsatkichlari bo‘lmasa hozir davom etayotgan ish-harakatini ifodalash uchun Present Continuous va odatiy, doimiy ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun Simple Pre sent ishlatar edik: Hozirgacha davom etib tugayotgan ish-harakati Qancha davom etganligini ko‘r satuvchi vaqt ko‘rsatkichi bilan I have been waiting for my brother for a long time. I have been reading the newspaper since fi ve o’clock. It has been raining since morning. He has been living in London for fi ve years. He has been teaching English since 1998 101 Qancha davom etganligini ko‘r satuvchi vaqt ko‘rsatkichi bo‘lmasa I am waiting for my brother. I am reading the newspaper. It is raining. He lives in London. He teaches English? 3. Umuman sodir bo‘ladigan, doimiy, odatiy, egaga xos ish-hara kati to‘g‘risida gap ketganda yuqoridagi vaqt ko‘rsatkichlari bilan ish-harakatning davom etganligiga e’tibor berganimizda Present Perfect Con tinuous ishlatiladi, ish-harakatning sodir bo‘lganligi faktiga e’tibor berganimizda Present Perfect ishlatiladi: He has been living in London for fi ve years. = He has lived in London for fi ve years. He has been teaching English since 1998. = He has taught English since 1998. He has been working at that factory since he came to Samarkand. = He has worked at that factory since he came to Samarkand. U Londonda besh yil (davomida) yashayapti. U 1998-yildan buyon ingliz tilidan dars beradi. U Samarqandga kelganidan buyon o‘sha zavodda ishlaydi. 4. Davom zamonlarda ishlatilmaydigan fe’llar bilan Present Perfect Continuous o‘rnida Present Perfect ishlatiladi: She has been in London for two U Londonda ikki yil (davomida) years. bo‘ldi. How long have you known him? Uni qachondan buyon taniysiz (bilasiz)? I have known him since my child- Men uni bolaligimdan buyon hood. taniyman (bilaman).
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O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA
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FE’L (THE VERB) Umumiy ma’lumot
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fe’llarning o‘tgan zamon va o
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5. To be fe’li faqat ikkita davom
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To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakll
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I haven’t a watch. Mening soatim
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11. Og‘zaki nutqda have va has o
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Do come tonight. Bu oqshom albatta
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SHOULD 1. Should (shallning o‘tga
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Har ikkala ergash gap ham bir xil k
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I don’t understand why you should
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Would you tell me the time, please?
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He could (was able to) read French
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He may have left London. U Londonda
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I had to go there. Men u yerga bori
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The grass needs cutting. The televi
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ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINI
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CONTINUOUS VA PERFECT CONTINUOUS IN
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I remembered to lock the door. Eshi
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I forbid you to tell him. Buni unga
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I like to go (going) to movies. Men
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tarkibida infi nitivli nominativ bo
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He proved to be a good worker. (= I
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3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan
Page 49 and 50: 2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatda
Page 51 and 52: We are interested in buying your go
Page 53 and 54: Gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv
Page 55 and 56: This offer is made subiect to re- S
Page 57 and 58: deny inkor etmoq discuss muhokama q
Page 59 and 60: It is of no use It is useless } It
Page 61 and 62: Gerundli iboralardagi ot yoki olmos
Page 63 and 64: SIFATDOSHLARNING YASALISHI 1. Prese
Page 65 and 66: SIFATDOSHNING ISHLATILISHI PRESENT
Page 67 and 68: Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni e
Page 69 and 70: Being packed in strong cases (= As
Page 71 and 72: 7. Past Participle to be fe’linin
Page 73 and 74: My sister having lost the key, we c
Page 75 and 76: We saw the engines being carefully
Page 77 and 78: ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMO
Page 79 and 80: dushan bada, in 1998 1998-yilda, du
Page 81 and 82: Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartir
Page 83 and 84: HOZIRGI DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLATILISH
Page 85 and 86: The Past Continuous Tense O‘tgan
Page 87 and 88: I was working in the library from t
Page 89 and 90: 2. Future Continuous kelasi zamonda
Page 91 and 92: The Present Perfect Tense (Hozirgi
Page 93 and 94: 5. Present Perfect since (biror vaq
Page 95 and 96: We had translated the article by fi
Page 97 and 98: We had come to an agreement on Siz
Page 99: 2. Future Perfect ba’zan kelasi z
Page 103 and 104: O‘TGAN TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNIN
Page 105 and 106: he would have been working, we shou
Page 107 and 108: 2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz s
Page 109 and 110: Coal is produced in many districts
Page 111 and 112: Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki
Page 113 and 114: A new glass works has been built ne
Page 115 and 116: His clothes were wet as he had Unin
Page 117 and 118: 12. Ikkita qaratqich kelishigi (ega
Page 119 and 120: There were many students at the Maj
Page 121 and 122: My brother is an engineer. Mening a
Page 123 and 124: 9. Noaniq artikl mavhum otlar oldid
Page 125 and 126: The workers who are discharging the
Page 127 and 128: The students of our Institute learn
Page 129 and 130: TURDOSH OTLAR OLDIDA ARTIKLNING ISH
Page 131 and 132: He is playing chess. U shaxmat o‘
Page 133 and 134: Alohida tog‘ cho‘qqilari artikl
Page 135 and 136: 24. Aeroport va temir yo‘l stansi
Page 137 and 138: He had heart attack. Uning yuragi x
Page 139 and 140: The last they had heard of him was
Page 141 and 142: Most of the fl owers in the garden
Page 143 and 144: SIFAT (THE ADJECTIVE) Umumiy ma’l
Page 145 and 146: c) agar sifat undoshdan keyin kelga
Page 147 and 148: 13. Sifatlarning ozroq yoki eng oz
Page 149 and 150: No sooner had we started out for Bi
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) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan t
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5. Hundred, thousand, million sonla
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Tartib son bilan kelgan ot oldidan
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Surat birdan katta son bo‘lganda,
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Where is Helen? — She is in the g
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5. O‘zbek tilida egalik olmoshlar
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3. This va these olmoshlari gapiruv
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SO‘ROQ OLMOSHLARI (INTERROGATIVE
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15. What qanday ma’nosida olmosh-
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The article that (which) I translat
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This is the book the professor refe
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Some of the fi rst-year students ar
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o‘lganda fe’l bo‘lishli shakl
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5. Much va many ega hamda egaga ani
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ALL OLMOSHI 1. All olmoshi olmosh-s
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Both these steamers were built in L
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2) Neither Men ham =Neither do I ib
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ONE OLMOSHI 1. One olmoshi olmosh-o
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RAVISH Umumiy ma’lumotlar 1. Ravi
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Has he read much? U ko‘p o‘qiga
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Are you going anywhere else after B
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Ayrim ravishlar ikki xil shaklga eg
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I work best in the morning. Men ert
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Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqind
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He is looking at the child. U bolag
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About 1. haqida, to‘g‘risida: I
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They built a new bridge across the
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AMONG (AMONGST) orasida, o‘rtasid
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to be shocked (amazed, astonished)
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BELOW 1. ostida, past (antonimi abo
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3. -gacha (ish-harakat tamom bo‘l
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3. pastga (harakat fe’llari bilan
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I am for your proposal. Men sizning
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negotiations for uchun muzokaralar
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) -dan keyin: The train will be lea
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5. in predlogi bilan kelgan iborala
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I looked into the box, but there wa
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to remind of (about) -ni eslatmoq t
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I upset the bottle and it Men shish
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to get on yurishmoq, chiqishmoq, mu
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to drop out of tash- lamoq, -dan ch
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2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi
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2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’nod
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to belong to -ga tegishli, qarashli
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He went to the shop. U do‘konga k
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to look up (lug‘atdan) qidirmoq I
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to supply (provide) with — bilan
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3. Without bilan kelgan iboralar: w
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subject to — bo‘lsa, sharti bil
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Izoh: Mustaqil sodda gaplarni bir-b
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unless agar, -masa I shall go there
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SHAKLI BIR-BIRIGA MOS KELADIGAN BOG
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SODDA GAP (THE SIMPLE SENTENCE) YIG
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IT SOXTA EGASI O‘zbek tilida Qish
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One should be careful when Yo‘lni
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Qo‘shma fe’l-kesim quyidagicha
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noaniq artikl bilan keladi, ko‘pl
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7. Agar ega jamlama otdan yasalgan
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IKKINCHI DARAJALI BO‘LAKLAR To‘
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it SOXTA TO‘LDIRUVCHISI Ba’zi t
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Bu gapdagi bridges egasining uchta
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4. Harakatning sodir bo‘lish saba
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Gapda predlogli vositali to‘ldiru
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I returned him the book which he ha
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2. Muallif gapi ko‘chirma gapdan
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7. So do I, Neither do I kabi gapla
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We found nobody (no one) at home. 2
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Darak gaplar Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
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Have you not seen him? Nahotki, uni
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How many? Nechta? How long? Qancha
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2. Eganing aniqlovchisiga berilgan
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MAXSUS SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING BO‘LIS
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At last you have returned! Nihoyat
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The book you gave me is very intere
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2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi
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3. Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va
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6. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma
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Agar ko‘chirma gap akasi ishlaydi
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He asked me, «What is the He asked
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I know the man whom you mean. Kim h
Page 311 and 312:
6. Who olmoshi kamdan-kam hollarda
Page 313 and 314:
As soon as we receive your telegram
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Bosh gapdagi kesim hozirgi yoki kel
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REAL SHART GAPLAR 1. Real shart gap
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3. Ish-harakatning yuz berish ehtim
Page 321 and 322:
Why didn’t you tell me about it?
Page 323 and 324:
2. Agar ergash gap that bog‘lovch
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WISH GAPLAR Wish noreal shart gapga
Page 327 and 328:
In all probability, the steamer wil
Page 329 and 330:
He said: «We agree to accept your
Page 331 and 332:
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NOTO‘G‘RI
Page 333 and 334:
MUNDARIJA FE‘L . . . . . . . . .
Page 335 and 336:
Shakli bir-biriga mos keladigan bog
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INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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