INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

My brother is an engineer. Mening akam — muhandis.
His sister has become a doctor. Uning opasi doktor bo‘ldi.
This is a dictionary.
b) izohlovchi bo‘lib keladi:
Bu lug‘atdir.
Mr. A., a student of our Institute, Janob A., institutimiz talabasi,
spoke at the meeting.
yig‘ilishda gapirdi.
Ko‘plikda artikl ham, some ham ishlatilmaydi.
They are good children, no doubt. Shubhasiz ular — yaxshi bolalar.
Izoh: Ot-kesim tarkibida kelgan yoki izohlovchi bo‘lib kelgan otning shu turdagi otlardan
ajratib ko‘rsatuvchi aniqlovchisi bo‘lsa shu ot aniq artikl bilan ishlatiladi:
These are the books you were looking for. Bular — siz axtargan kitoblar.
Mr. Ivanov, the inventor of this machine, is
an old friend of mine.
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Janob Ivanov, bu mashinaning ixtirochisi,
— mening eski do‘stim.
Agar izohlovchi mashhur kishilardan biri bo‘lsa ham ot aniq artikl bilan ishlatiladi:
Pushkin, the great Russian poet, was born
in 1799.
Pushkin, ulug‘ rus shoiri, 1799-yil da
tug‘ilgan.
3. Agar ot shu turdagi shaxs yoki buyumlarning istagan bir vakilini
ifodalasa, noaniq artikl bilan ishlatiladi va har bir, istagan ma’nosini
beradi:
A child can understand it. (Har bir) Bola buni tushina oladi.
A square has four sides. Kvadratning to‘rtta tomoni bor.
Ko‘plikda noaniq artikl ishlatilmaydi va boshqa ko‘rsatkich ham kelmaydi:
Children can understand it. Bolalar buni tushuna oladilar.
Squares have four sides. Kvadratlarning to‘rt tomoni bor.
4. Suhbatdoshga hali noma’lum bo‘lgan shaxs yoki buyumni ifodalagan
ot noaniq artikl bilan ishlatiladi. Bunda noaniq artiklining ma’nosi bir
so‘zining ma’nosiga yaqinlashadi:
He bought a book yesterday. U kecha (bir) kitob sotib oldi.
When I entered the room, I saw a
man standing at he window.
Men xonaga kirganimda deraza
oldida turgan bir kishini
ko‘rdim.
It happened in a small town in Si- Bu Sibirdagi kichkina bir shaharberia.chada
yuz berdi.
Suhbatdoshga hali noma’lum bo‘lgan shaxs yoki buyum there is bi lan
berilganda ham noaniq artikl ishlatiladi:
There is a telephone in the room. Xonada telefon bor.