INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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o‘lmasa Perfect Participle emas Present Participle ishlatiladi va bu ibo ralarga to‘g‘ri keladigan ergash gaplarda fe’l Simple zamonlarda ishlatiladi: Arriving at the station (=When we arrived at the station) we went straight to the booking offi ce. (Taqqoslang: We arrived at the station and went straight to the booking office). Receiving the telegram (When he received the telegram), he rang up the director. (Taqqoslang: He received the telegram and rang up the director.) 68 Stansiyaga yetib kelib (= Biz stansiyaga yetib kelganimizda), to‘g‘ri kassaga bordik. Telegrammani olib (Telegrammani olganida) u direktorga qo‘ng‘iroq qildi. Izoh: Yuqoridagi holat uchun sifatdosh bilan birgalikda ko‘pincha on predlogi bilan kelgan Simple Gerund ishlatiladi: Arriving at the station … = On arriving at the station … Receiving the telegram … = On receiving the telegram … PRESENT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE 1. Present Participle Passive hozir yoki hozirgi vaqt davomida sodir bo‘ladigan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. Bunday birikma o‘rnida Present Continuous Passive ishlatilgan ergash gap ishlatish mumkin: Present Participle Passive sifatdoshli iboralarda aniqlovchi bo‘lib keladi va kesimi Present Continuous Passive zamonda bo‘lgan aniqlovchi ergash gaplarga mos keladi: The large building being built in our street (= which is being built in our street) is a new school-house. Yesterday the professor told us about the experiments now being carried on in his laboratory (=which are now being carried on in his laboratory). Ko‘chamizda qurilayotgan katta bino yangi maktab binosidir. Kecha professor bizga laboratoriyasida olib borilayotgan tajribalar haqida gapirib berdi. 2. Present Participle Passive ishlatilgan sifatdoshli iboralar sabab va payt hollari bo‘lib keladi va kesimi majhul nisbatda kelgan sabab va payt ergash gaplariga to‘g‘ri keladi. Bunday iboralar hozirgi zamon ingliz tilida kam ishlatiladi va ular o‘rnida ko‘pincha tegishli ergash gap lar ishlatiladi:
Being packed in strong cases (= As the goods were packed in strong cases), the goods arrived in good condition. Being asked (= When he was asked) whether he intended to return soon, he answered that he would be away for about three months. 69 Mollar qattiq qutilarga joylangani uchun, ular yaxshi ahvolda yetib keldi. Undan tezda qaytib kelish-kelmasligini so‘raganlarida, u uch oylar ketishini aytdi. Ushbu vazifada Present Participle Passive bilan bir qatorda ko‘pin cha Past Participle ishlatiladi: Being packed in strong cases … = Packed in strong cases … Being asked whether … = Asked whether … PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE 1. Past Participle otlar oldida aniqlovchi bo‘lib keladi: A broken cup was lying on the table. Stolda siniq piyola yotardi. She mended the torn sleeve of her U ko‘ylagining yirtiq yengini dress. yama di. 2. Past Participle otlar orqasidan aniqlovchi bo‘lib keladi va ular aniq lovchi ergash gaplarga mos keladi: This fi rm is interested in the pur- Bu fi rma bizning zavodlari mizda chase of automobiles produced by ishlab chiqarilgan avtomobillar- our plants (= which are produced ni sotib olishga qiziqadi. by our plants). The answer received from the sel lers Sotuvchilardan biz olgan javob (= which had been received from bizni juda hayron qoldirdi. the sellers) greatly surprised us. The ship chartered by the buyers Xaridorlar yollagan kema kelasi (=which has been chartered by the buyers) will arrive at Boston next hafta Bostonga yetib keladi. week. All books taken (= which were Kutubxonadan olingan bar- taken) from the library must be recha kitoblar kelasi hafta qayturned next week. The questions discussed at a tarilishi kerak. O‘tgan oyda ko‘p yig‘ilishlarda number of meetings last month muhokama qilingan masalalar (=which were discussed at a number of meetings last month) have now been decided. hozir yechildi.
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O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA
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FE’L (THE VERB) Umumiy ma’lumot
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fe’llarning o‘tgan zamon va o
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5. To be fe’li faqat ikkita davom
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To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakll
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I haven’t a watch. Mening soatim
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11. Og‘zaki nutqda have va has o
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Do come tonight. Bu oqshom albatta
Page 17 and 18: SHOULD 1. Should (shallning o‘tga
Page 19 and 20: Har ikkala ergash gap ham bir xil k
Page 21 and 22: I don’t understand why you should
Page 23 and 24: Would you tell me the time, please?
Page 25 and 26: He could (was able to) read French
Page 27 and 28: He may have left London. U Londonda
Page 29 and 30: I had to go there. Men u yerga bori
Page 31 and 32: The grass needs cutting. The televi
Page 33 and 34: ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINI
Page 35 and 36: CONTINUOUS VA PERFECT CONTINUOUS IN
Page 37 and 38: I remembered to lock the door. Eshi
Page 39 and 40: I forbid you to tell him. Buni unga
Page 41 and 42: I like to go (going) to movies. Men
Page 43 and 44: tarkibida infi nitivli nominativ bo
Page 45 and 46: He proved to be a good worker. (= I
Page 47 and 48: 3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan
Page 49 and 50: 2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatda
Page 51 and 52: We are interested in buying your go
Page 53 and 54: Gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv
Page 55 and 56: This offer is made subiect to re- S
Page 57 and 58: deny inkor etmoq discuss muhokama q
Page 59 and 60: It is of no use It is useless } It
Page 61 and 62: Gerundli iboralardagi ot yoki olmos
Page 63 and 64: SIFATDOSHLARNING YASALISHI 1. Prese
Page 65 and 66: SIFATDOSHNING ISHLATILISHI PRESENT
Page 67: Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni e
Page 71 and 72: 7. Past Participle to be fe’linin
Page 73 and 74: My sister having lost the key, we c
Page 75 and 76: We saw the engines being carefully
Page 77 and 78: ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMO
Page 79 and 80: dushan bada, in 1998 1998-yilda, du
Page 81 and 82: Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartir
Page 83 and 84: HOZIRGI DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLATILISH
Page 85 and 86: The Past Continuous Tense O‘tgan
Page 87 and 88: I was working in the library from t
Page 89 and 90: 2. Future Continuous kelasi zamonda
Page 91 and 92: The Present Perfect Tense (Hozirgi
Page 93 and 94: 5. Present Perfect since (biror vaq
Page 95 and 96: We had translated the article by fi
Page 97 and 98: We had come to an agreement on Siz
Page 99 and 100: 2. Future Perfect ba’zan kelasi z
Page 101 and 102: 2. Present Perfect Continuous hozir
Page 103 and 104: O‘TGAN TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNIN
Page 105 and 106: he would have been working, we shou
Page 107 and 108: 2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz s
Page 109 and 110: Coal is produced in many districts
Page 111 and 112: Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki
Page 113 and 114: A new glass works has been built ne
Page 115 and 116: His clothes were wet as he had Unin
Page 117 and 118: 12. Ikkita qaratqich kelishigi (ega
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There were many students at the Maj
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My brother is an engineer. Mening a
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9. Noaniq artikl mavhum otlar oldid
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The workers who are discharging the
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The students of our Institute learn
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TURDOSH OTLAR OLDIDA ARTIKLNING ISH
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He is playing chess. U shaxmat o‘
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Alohida tog‘ cho‘qqilari artikl
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24. Aeroport va temir yo‘l stansi
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He had heart attack. Uning yuragi x
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The last they had heard of him was
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Most of the fl owers in the garden
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SIFAT (THE ADJECTIVE) Umumiy ma’l
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c) agar sifat undoshdan keyin kelga
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13. Sifatlarning ozroq yoki eng oz
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No sooner had we started out for Bi
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) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan t
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5. Hundred, thousand, million sonla
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Tartib son bilan kelgan ot oldidan
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Surat birdan katta son bo‘lganda,
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Where is Helen? — She is in the g
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5. O‘zbek tilida egalik olmoshlar
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3. This va these olmoshlari gapiruv
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SO‘ROQ OLMOSHLARI (INTERROGATIVE
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15. What qanday ma’nosida olmosh-
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The article that (which) I translat
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This is the book the professor refe
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Some of the fi rst-year students ar
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o‘lganda fe’l bo‘lishli shakl
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5. Much va many ega hamda egaga ani
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ALL OLMOSHI 1. All olmoshi olmosh-s
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Both these steamers were built in L
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2) Neither Men ham =Neither do I ib
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ONE OLMOSHI 1. One olmoshi olmosh-o
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RAVISH Umumiy ma’lumotlar 1. Ravi
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Has he read much? U ko‘p o‘qiga
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Are you going anywhere else after B
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Ayrim ravishlar ikki xil shaklga eg
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I work best in the morning. Men ert
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Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqind
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He is looking at the child. U bolag
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About 1. haqida, to‘g‘risida: I
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They built a new bridge across the
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AMONG (AMONGST) orasida, o‘rtasid
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to be shocked (amazed, astonished)
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BELOW 1. ostida, past (antonimi abo
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3. -gacha (ish-harakat tamom bo‘l
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3. pastga (harakat fe’llari bilan
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I am for your proposal. Men sizning
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negotiations for uchun muzokaralar
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) -dan keyin: The train will be lea
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5. in predlogi bilan kelgan iborala
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I looked into the box, but there wa
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to remind of (about) -ni eslatmoq t
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I upset the bottle and it Men shish
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to get on yurishmoq, chiqishmoq, mu
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to drop out of tash- lamoq, -dan ch
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2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi
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2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’nod
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to belong to -ga tegishli, qarashli
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He went to the shop. U do‘konga k
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to look up (lug‘atdan) qidirmoq I
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to supply (provide) with — bilan
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3. Without bilan kelgan iboralar: w
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subject to — bo‘lsa, sharti bil
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Izoh: Mustaqil sodda gaplarni bir-b
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unless agar, -masa I shall go there
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SHAKLI BIR-BIRIGA MOS KELADIGAN BOG
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SODDA GAP (THE SIMPLE SENTENCE) YIG
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IT SOXTA EGASI O‘zbek tilida Qish
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One should be careful when Yo‘lni
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Qo‘shma fe’l-kesim quyidagicha
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noaniq artikl bilan keladi, ko‘pl
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7. Agar ega jamlama otdan yasalgan
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IKKINCHI DARAJALI BO‘LAKLAR To‘
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it SOXTA TO‘LDIRUVCHISI Ba’zi t
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Bu gapdagi bridges egasining uchta
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4. Harakatning sodir bo‘lish saba
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Gapda predlogli vositali to‘ldiru
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I returned him the book which he ha
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2. Muallif gapi ko‘chirma gapdan
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7. So do I, Neither do I kabi gapla
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We found nobody (no one) at home. 2
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Darak gaplar Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
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Have you not seen him? Nahotki, uni
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How many? Nechta? How long? Qancha
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2. Eganing aniqlovchisiga berilgan
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MAXSUS SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING BO‘LIS
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At last you have returned! Nihoyat
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The book you gave me is very intere
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2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi
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3. Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va
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6. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma
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Agar ko‘chirma gap akasi ishlaydi
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He asked me, «What is the He asked
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I know the man whom you mean. Kim h
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6. Who olmoshi kamdan-kam hollarda
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As soon as we receive your telegram
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Bosh gapdagi kesim hozirgi yoki kel
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REAL SHART GAPLAR 1. Real shart gap
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3. Ish-harakatning yuz berish ehtim
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Why didn’t you tell me about it?
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2. Agar ergash gap that bog‘lovch
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WISH GAPLAR Wish noreal shart gapga
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In all probability, the steamer wil
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He said: «We agree to accept your
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NOTO‘G‘RI
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MUNDARIJA FE‘L . . . . . . . . .
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Shakli bir-biriga mos keladigan bog
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INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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