INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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Oddiy daraja Qiyosiy daraja Orttirma daraja fast tez hard qattiq late kech soon tezda early erta faster tezroq harder qattiqroq later kechroq sooner tezroq earlier ertaroq 194 fastest eng tez hardest eng qattiq latest eng kech soonest eng tez earliest eng erta 3. Sifatga -ly qo‘shimchasi qo‘shib yasalgan ravishlarning qiyosiy darajasi uning oldiga more, orttirma darajasi esa oldiga most qo‘yish bilan yasaladi: Clearly Bravely Correctly Cautiously Oddiy daraja Qiyosiy daraja Orttirma daraja aniq jasurona to‘g‘ri ehtiyotkor More clearly aniqroq More bravely jasurroq More correctly to‘g‘riroq More cautiously ehtiyotkorroq Most clearly eng aniq Most bravely eng jasurona Most correctly eng to‘g‘ri Most cautiously eng ehtiyotkor 4. Often tez-tez, quickly tez, slowly sekin ravishlarining darajalari har ikkala yo‘l bilan yasaladi: Oddiy daraja Qiyosiy daraja Orttirma daraja often tez-tez { quickly tez { slowly sekin { oftener more often quicker more quick slower more slow oftenest most often quickest most quickly slowest most slowly Quyidagi ravishlarning darajalari ular yasalgan sifatlarga o‘xshab qoidaga bo‘ysunmasdan yasaladi: Oddiy daraja Qiyosiy daraja Orttirma daraja well yaxshi badly yomon much ko‘p little oz far uzoq { better yaxshiroq worse yomonroq more ko‘proq less ozroq farther } uzoqroq further best eng yaxshi worst eng yomon most eng ko‘p least eng oz farthest } eng uzoq furthest Orttirma darajadagi ravishdan keyin of predlogli birikma kelganda (yoki nazarda tutilganda) ravish the artikli bilan ham, artiklsiz ham ishlatilishi mumkin. Of predlogli birikma bo‘lmasa, yoki (nazarda tutilmasa) orttirma darajadagi ravish artiklsiz ishlatiladi: Which of the boys works (the) best (of all the boys)? Bolalarning qaysi biri hamma (bolalar) dan yaxshi ishlaydi?
I work best in the morning. Men ertalab yxshi ishlayman. Rahim came late, Olim came later and Karim came (the) latest (of all). 195 Rahim kech keldi, Olim kechroq keldi, Karim esa hammadan kech keldi. I come home latest on Mondays. Men uyga eng kech keladigan kunlarim dushanba kunlaridir. RAVISHLARNING GAPDAGI O‘RNI 1. Gapdagi fe’l o‘timsiz bo‘lsa, holat ravishi fe’ldan keyin keladi: He walked slowly. U sekin yurdi. The sun shines brightly. Quyosh charaqlab nur sochadi. 2. Gapdagi fe’l o‘timli bo‘lsa, ravish fe’ldan oldin yoki fe’ldan keyin kelishi mumkin. U fe’l bilan to‘ldiruvchining o‘rtasida kelishi mumkin emas: He answered the question calmly. U savolga bosiqlik bilan javob ber- He calmly answered the question } di. He translated the article easily. He easily translated the article. } U maqolani osongina (osonlik bilan) tarjima qildi. Fe’ldan keyin infi nitiv kelganda, ravish fe’ldan oldin ishlatiladi: He fl atly refused to answer the ques- U savolga javob berishdan tion. qat’iy bosh tortdi. 3. Noaniq zamon ravishlari — always, often, seldom, ever, never, just, already, yet, usually, generally, sometimes, still, soon, once va boshqalar fe’ldan oldin ishlatiladi: He always comes early. U har doim erta keladi. He often goes there. U u yoqqa tez-tez borib turadi. I usually get up at seven o’clock. Men odatda soat yettida o‘rnim dan turaman. I once went there with my brother. Men u yerga bir kuni akam bilan borgan edim. Lekin yuqoridagi ravishlar to be fe’lidan keyin ishlatiladi: He is always here at fi ve o’clock. U har doim soat beshda shu yerda bo‘ladi. He is never late for the lectures. U hech qachon leksiyaga kech qolmaydi. Gapda qo‘shma fe’l ishlatilgan bo‘lsa, yuqoridagi ravishlar yordamchi fe’l bilan asosiy fe’l o‘rtasida keladi:
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O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA
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FE’L (THE VERB) Umumiy ma’lumot
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fe’llarning o‘tgan zamon va o
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5. To be fe’li faqat ikkita davom
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To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakll
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I haven’t a watch. Mening soatim
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11. Og‘zaki nutqda have va has o
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Do come tonight. Bu oqshom albatta
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SHOULD 1. Should (shallning o‘tga
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Har ikkala ergash gap ham bir xil k
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I don’t understand why you should
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Would you tell me the time, please?
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He could (was able to) read French
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He may have left London. U Londonda
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I had to go there. Men u yerga bori
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The grass needs cutting. The televi
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ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINI
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CONTINUOUS VA PERFECT CONTINUOUS IN
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I remembered to lock the door. Eshi
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I forbid you to tell him. Buni unga
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I like to go (going) to movies. Men
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tarkibida infi nitivli nominativ bo
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He proved to be a good worker. (= I
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3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan
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2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatda
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We are interested in buying your go
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Gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv
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This offer is made subiect to re- S
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deny inkor etmoq discuss muhokama q
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It is of no use It is useless } It
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Gerundli iboralardagi ot yoki olmos
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SIFATDOSHLARNING YASALISHI 1. Prese
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SIFATDOSHNING ISHLATILISHI PRESENT
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Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni e
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Being packed in strong cases (= As
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7. Past Participle to be fe’linin
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My sister having lost the key, we c
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We saw the engines being carefully
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ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMO
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dushan bada, in 1998 1998-yilda, du
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Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartir
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HOZIRGI DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLATILISH
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The Past Continuous Tense O‘tgan
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I was working in the library from t
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2. Future Continuous kelasi zamonda
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The Present Perfect Tense (Hozirgi
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5. Present Perfect since (biror vaq
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We had translated the article by fi
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We had come to an agreement on Siz
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2. Future Perfect ba’zan kelasi z
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2. Present Perfect Continuous hozir
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O‘TGAN TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNIN
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he would have been working, we shou
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2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz s
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Coal is produced in many districts
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Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki
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A new glass works has been built ne
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His clothes were wet as he had Unin
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12. Ikkita qaratqich kelishigi (ega
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There were many students at the Maj
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My brother is an engineer. Mening a
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9. Noaniq artikl mavhum otlar oldid
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The workers who are discharging the
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The students of our Institute learn
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TURDOSH OTLAR OLDIDA ARTIKLNING ISH
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He is playing chess. U shaxmat o‘
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Alohida tog‘ cho‘qqilari artikl
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24. Aeroport va temir yo‘l stansi
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He had heart attack. Uning yuragi x
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The last they had heard of him was
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Most of the fl owers in the garden
Page 143 and 144: SIFAT (THE ADJECTIVE) Umumiy ma’l
Page 145 and 146: c) agar sifat undoshdan keyin kelga
Page 147 and 148: 13. Sifatlarning ozroq yoki eng oz
Page 149 and 150: No sooner had we started out for Bi
Page 151 and 152: ) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan t
Page 153 and 154: 5. Hundred, thousand, million sonla
Page 155 and 156: Tartib son bilan kelgan ot oldidan
Page 157 and 158: Surat birdan katta son bo‘lganda,
Page 159 and 160: Where is Helen? — She is in the g
Page 161 and 162: 5. O‘zbek tilida egalik olmoshlar
Page 163 and 164: 3. This va these olmoshlari gapiruv
Page 165 and 166: SO‘ROQ OLMOSHLARI (INTERROGATIVE
Page 167 and 168: 15. What qanday ma’nosida olmosh-
Page 169 and 170: The article that (which) I translat
Page 171 and 172: This is the book the professor refe
Page 173 and 174: Some of the fi rst-year students ar
Page 175 and 176: o‘lganda fe’l bo‘lishli shakl
Page 177 and 178: 5. Much va many ega hamda egaga ani
Page 179 and 180: ALL OLMOSHI 1. All olmoshi olmosh-s
Page 181 and 182: Both these steamers were built in L
Page 183 and 184: 2) Neither Men ham =Neither do I ib
Page 185 and 186: ONE OLMOSHI 1. One olmoshi olmosh-o
Page 187 and 188: RAVISH Umumiy ma’lumotlar 1. Ravi
Page 189 and 190: Has he read much? U ko‘p o‘qiga
Page 191 and 192: Are you going anywhere else after B
Page 193: Ayrim ravishlar ikki xil shaklga eg
Page 197 and 198: Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqind
Page 199 and 200: He is looking at the child. U bolag
Page 201 and 202: About 1. haqida, to‘g‘risida: I
Page 203 and 204: They built a new bridge across the
Page 205 and 206: AMONG (AMONGST) orasida, o‘rtasid
Page 207 and 208: to be shocked (amazed, astonished)
Page 209 and 210: BELOW 1. ostida, past (antonimi abo
Page 211 and 212: 3. -gacha (ish-harakat tamom bo‘l
Page 213 and 214: 3. pastga (harakat fe’llari bilan
Page 215 and 216: I am for your proposal. Men sizning
Page 217 and 218: negotiations for uchun muzokaralar
Page 219 and 220: ) -dan keyin: The train will be lea
Page 221 and 222: 5. in predlogi bilan kelgan iborala
Page 223 and 224: I looked into the box, but there wa
Page 225 and 226: to remind of (about) -ni eslatmoq t
Page 227 and 228: I upset the bottle and it Men shish
Page 229 and 230: to get on yurishmoq, chiqishmoq, mu
Page 231 and 232: to drop out of tash- lamoq, -dan ch
Page 233 and 234: 2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi
Page 235 and 236: 2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’nod
Page 237 and 238: to belong to -ga tegishli, qarashli
Page 239 and 240: He went to the shop. U do‘konga k
Page 241 and 242: to look up (lug‘atdan) qidirmoq I
Page 243 and 244: to supply (provide) with — bilan
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3. Without bilan kelgan iboralar: w
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subject to — bo‘lsa, sharti bil
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Izoh: Mustaqil sodda gaplarni bir-b
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unless agar, -masa I shall go there
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SHAKLI BIR-BIRIGA MOS KELADIGAN BOG
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SODDA GAP (THE SIMPLE SENTENCE) YIG
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IT SOXTA EGASI O‘zbek tilida Qish
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One should be careful when Yo‘lni
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Qo‘shma fe’l-kesim quyidagicha
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noaniq artikl bilan keladi, ko‘pl
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7. Agar ega jamlama otdan yasalgan
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IKKINCHI DARAJALI BO‘LAKLAR To‘
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it SOXTA TO‘LDIRUVCHISI Ba’zi t
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Bu gapdagi bridges egasining uchta
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4. Harakatning sodir bo‘lish saba
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Gapda predlogli vositali to‘ldiru
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I returned him the book which he ha
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2. Muallif gapi ko‘chirma gapdan
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7. So do I, Neither do I kabi gapla
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We found nobody (no one) at home. 2
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Darak gaplar Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
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Have you not seen him? Nahotki, uni
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How many? Nechta? How long? Qancha
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2. Eganing aniqlovchisiga berilgan
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MAXSUS SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING BO‘LIS
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At last you have returned! Nihoyat
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The book you gave me is very intere
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2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi
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3. Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va
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6. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma
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Agar ko‘chirma gap akasi ishlaydi
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He asked me, «What is the He asked
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I know the man whom you mean. Kim h
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6. Who olmoshi kamdan-kam hollarda
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As soon as we receive your telegram
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Bosh gapdagi kesim hozirgi yoki kel
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REAL SHART GAPLAR 1. Real shart gap
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3. Ish-harakatning yuz berish ehtim
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Why didn’t you tell me about it?
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2. Agar ergash gap that bog‘lovch
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WISH GAPLAR Wish noreal shart gapga
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In all probability, the steamer wil
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He said: «We agree to accept your
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NOTO‘G‘RI
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MUNDARIJA FE‘L . . . . . . . . .
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Shakli bir-biriga mos keladigan bog
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INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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