INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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I haven’t got much time (I’ve got little time o‘rnida). There aren’t many French books in our library. (There are few French books in our library o‘rnida). 178 Menda vaqt oz. Kutubxonamizda fransuzcha kitoblar ko‘p emas. Izoh: Little kichkina ma’nosida sifat bo‘lib va oz ma’nosida ravish bo‘lib keladi: I want the little box, not the big one. Menga kichkina quti kerak, kattasi emas. You rest too little (ravish). Siz juda kam dam olasiz. 4. Olmosh-ot bo‘lib kelganda little ozi, ozginasi, kam ma’nosida, few kam, bir nechta ma’nosida ishlatiladi: Little has been said about it. Bu haqda oz gapirildi. Many people were invited but few Ko‘p odam taklif qilingan edi, came. lekin kam keldi. 5. Little va few noaniq artikl bilan ham ishlatilishi mumkin: Please give me a little water. Menga ozroq suv bering. I have a few books on this subject. Menda bu masalada ozroq kitoblar bor. A little, a few ozroq (lekin yetarli) ma’nosida, little, few esa oz, kam (yetarli emas) ma’nosida ishlatiladi: I’ve got little time. I must go. Mening vaqtim oz (kam). Keti shim kerak. I’ve got a little time. We can Menda ozroq vaqt bor. Biz tamad di have a snack. qilib olishimiz mumkin. He has few friends. Uning do‘stlari kam. He has a few friends. Uning ozroq (yetarli) do‘stlari bor. Izoh: Little, fewdan oldin keladigan noaniq artikl ulardan keyin keladigan otga emas, shu little va few so‘zlariga tegishlidir. 6. Little va fewdan oldin aniq artikl ham ishlatilishi mumkin va o‘sha ozginasi, o‘sha bir nechtasi ma’nosini beradi: Nearly the whole cargo of wheat has Qariyb bug‘doyning hammasini been unloaded today. The little that bugun tushirib bo‘lishdi. Ozgina remains will be unloaded tomorrow morning. qolgani ertaga ertalab tushiriladi. He has read the few English books U o‘zida bo‘lgan ozgina inglizcha that he has. kitoblarni o‘qib chiqqan. Gold is one of the few metals which Oltin sof holda topiladigan oz- are found in a virgin state. chilik metallardan biri.
ALL OLMOSHI 1. All olmoshi olmosh-sifat va olmosh-ot bo‘lib keladi. 2. All olmoshi olmosh-sifat bo‘lib kelganda hamma, barcha ma’nosida donalab sanaladigan ko‘plikdagi ot oldida va donalab sanalmaydigan ot oldida ishlatiladi. Alldan keyin kelgan ot oldida the aniq artikli, egalik yoki ko‘rsatish olmoshi keladi: All the students have passed the ex- Hamma talabalar imtihondan amination. He spends all his free time in the reading-room. 179 o‘tishdi. U hamma bo‘sh vaqtini o‘quv zalida o‘tkazadi. Izoh: Birlikdagi donalab sanaladigan ot oldida all o‘rnida odatda the whole ishlatiladi: The whole house was destroyed by fi re. Butun uy yong‘indan vayron bo‘ldi. Morning, day, night kabi vaqtni ko‘rsatuvchi so‘zlar bilan the whole ham, all ham ishlatiladi: All (the) morning, the whole morning, all (the) day, the whole day. 3. Alldan keyin kelgan ot oldida artikl umumiy qoidalar asosida ishlatilishi ham mumkin, ishlatilmasligi ham mumkin: I have read all the books you gave Men siz bergan barcha kitob- me. larni o‘qib chiqdim. I have got all the information I Men o‘zim xohlagan hamma want. axbo rotni oldim. All plants require water. Hamma o‘simliklar suv talab qiladi. All fi nancial documents must be Barcha moliyaviy hujjatlar bosh signed by the Chief Accountant. buxgalter tomonidan imzolanishi kerak. 4. All hamma ma’nosida olmosh-ot bo‘lib keladi: All said the same thing. Hamma shu bitta narsani aytdi. I know all. Men hammasini bilaman. 5. All ko‘pincha we all (bizning) hammamiz, you all (sizning) hammangiz), they all (ularning) hammalari kabi birikmalar bo‘lib kelishi mum kin: We all know it. Buni bizning hammamiz bilamiz. They all went there. U yerga ularning hammalari borishdi. Agar gapning kesimi qo‘shma kesim bo‘lsa, all yordamchi fe’l yoki modal fe’ldan keyin ishlatiladi:
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O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA
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FE’L (THE VERB) Umumiy ma’lumot
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fe’llarning o‘tgan zamon va o
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5. To be fe’li faqat ikkita davom
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To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakll
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I haven’t a watch. Mening soatim
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11. Og‘zaki nutqda have va has o
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Do come tonight. Bu oqshom albatta
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SHOULD 1. Should (shallning o‘tga
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Har ikkala ergash gap ham bir xil k
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I don’t understand why you should
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Would you tell me the time, please?
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He could (was able to) read French
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He may have left London. U Londonda
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I had to go there. Men u yerga bori
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The grass needs cutting. The televi
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ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINI
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CONTINUOUS VA PERFECT CONTINUOUS IN
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I remembered to lock the door. Eshi
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I forbid you to tell him. Buni unga
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I like to go (going) to movies. Men
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tarkibida infi nitivli nominativ bo
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He proved to be a good worker. (= I
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3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan
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2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatda
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We are interested in buying your go
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Gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv
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This offer is made subiect to re- S
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deny inkor etmoq discuss muhokama q
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It is of no use It is useless } It
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Gerundli iboralardagi ot yoki olmos
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SIFATDOSHLARNING YASALISHI 1. Prese
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SIFATDOSHNING ISHLATILISHI PRESENT
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Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni e
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Being packed in strong cases (= As
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7. Past Participle to be fe’linin
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My sister having lost the key, we c
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We saw the engines being carefully
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ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMO
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dushan bada, in 1998 1998-yilda, du
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Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartir
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HOZIRGI DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLATILISH
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The Past Continuous Tense O‘tgan
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I was working in the library from t
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2. Future Continuous kelasi zamonda
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The Present Perfect Tense (Hozirgi
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5. Present Perfect since (biror vaq
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We had translated the article by fi
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We had come to an agreement on Siz
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2. Future Perfect ba’zan kelasi z
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2. Present Perfect Continuous hozir
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O‘TGAN TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNIN
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he would have been working, we shou
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2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz s
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Coal is produced in many districts
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Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki
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A new glass works has been built ne
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His clothes were wet as he had Unin
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12. Ikkita qaratqich kelishigi (ega
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There were many students at the Maj
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My brother is an engineer. Mening a
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9. Noaniq artikl mavhum otlar oldid
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The workers who are discharging the
Page 127 and 128: The students of our Institute learn
Page 129 and 130: TURDOSH OTLAR OLDIDA ARTIKLNING ISH
Page 131 and 132: He is playing chess. U shaxmat o‘
Page 133 and 134: Alohida tog‘ cho‘qqilari artikl
Page 135 and 136: 24. Aeroport va temir yo‘l stansi
Page 137 and 138: He had heart attack. Uning yuragi x
Page 139 and 140: The last they had heard of him was
Page 141 and 142: Most of the fl owers in the garden
Page 143 and 144: SIFAT (THE ADJECTIVE) Umumiy ma’l
Page 145 and 146: c) agar sifat undoshdan keyin kelga
Page 147 and 148: 13. Sifatlarning ozroq yoki eng oz
Page 149 and 150: No sooner had we started out for Bi
Page 151 and 152: ) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan t
Page 153 and 154: 5. Hundred, thousand, million sonla
Page 155 and 156: Tartib son bilan kelgan ot oldidan
Page 157 and 158: Surat birdan katta son bo‘lganda,
Page 159 and 160: Where is Helen? — She is in the g
Page 161 and 162: 5. O‘zbek tilida egalik olmoshlar
Page 163 and 164: 3. This va these olmoshlari gapiruv
Page 165 and 166: SO‘ROQ OLMOSHLARI (INTERROGATIVE
Page 167 and 168: 15. What qanday ma’nosida olmosh-
Page 169 and 170: The article that (which) I translat
Page 171 and 172: This is the book the professor refe
Page 173 and 174: Some of the fi rst-year students ar
Page 175 and 176: o‘lganda fe’l bo‘lishli shakl
Page 177: 5. Much va many ega hamda egaga ani
Page 181 and 182: Both these steamers were built in L
Page 183 and 184: 2) Neither Men ham =Neither do I ib
Page 185 and 186: ONE OLMOSHI 1. One olmoshi olmosh-o
Page 187 and 188: RAVISH Umumiy ma’lumotlar 1. Ravi
Page 189 and 190: Has he read much? U ko‘p o‘qiga
Page 191 and 192: Are you going anywhere else after B
Page 193 and 194: Ayrim ravishlar ikki xil shaklga eg
Page 195 and 196: I work best in the morning. Men ert
Page 197 and 198: Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqind
Page 199 and 200: He is looking at the child. U bolag
Page 201 and 202: About 1. haqida, to‘g‘risida: I
Page 203 and 204: They built a new bridge across the
Page 205 and 206: AMONG (AMONGST) orasida, o‘rtasid
Page 207 and 208: to be shocked (amazed, astonished)
Page 209 and 210: BELOW 1. ostida, past (antonimi abo
Page 211 and 212: 3. -gacha (ish-harakat tamom bo‘l
Page 213 and 214: 3. pastga (harakat fe’llari bilan
Page 215 and 216: I am for your proposal. Men sizning
Page 217 and 218: negotiations for uchun muzokaralar
Page 219 and 220: ) -dan keyin: The train will be lea
Page 221 and 222: 5. in predlogi bilan kelgan iborala
Page 223 and 224: I looked into the box, but there wa
Page 225 and 226: to remind of (about) -ni eslatmoq t
Page 227 and 228: I upset the bottle and it Men shish
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to get on yurishmoq, chiqishmoq, mu
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to drop out of tash- lamoq, -dan ch
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2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi
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2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’nod
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to belong to -ga tegishli, qarashli
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He went to the shop. U do‘konga k
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to look up (lug‘atdan) qidirmoq I
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to supply (provide) with — bilan
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3. Without bilan kelgan iboralar: w
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subject to — bo‘lsa, sharti bil
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Izoh: Mustaqil sodda gaplarni bir-b
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unless agar, -masa I shall go there
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SHAKLI BIR-BIRIGA MOS KELADIGAN BOG
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SODDA GAP (THE SIMPLE SENTENCE) YIG
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IT SOXTA EGASI O‘zbek tilida Qish
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One should be careful when Yo‘lni
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Qo‘shma fe’l-kesim quyidagicha
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noaniq artikl bilan keladi, ko‘pl
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7. Agar ega jamlama otdan yasalgan
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IKKINCHI DARAJALI BO‘LAKLAR To‘
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it SOXTA TO‘LDIRUVCHISI Ba’zi t
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Bu gapdagi bridges egasining uchta
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4. Harakatning sodir bo‘lish saba
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Gapda predlogli vositali to‘ldiru
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I returned him the book which he ha
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2. Muallif gapi ko‘chirma gapdan
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7. So do I, Neither do I kabi gapla
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We found nobody (no one) at home. 2
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Darak gaplar Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
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Have you not seen him? Nahotki, uni
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How many? Nechta? How long? Qancha
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2. Eganing aniqlovchisiga berilgan
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MAXSUS SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING BO‘LIS
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At last you have returned! Nihoyat
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The book you gave me is very intere
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2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi
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3. Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va
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6. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma
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Agar ko‘chirma gap akasi ishlaydi
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He asked me, «What is the He asked
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I know the man whom you mean. Kim h
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6. Who olmoshi kamdan-kam hollarda
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As soon as we receive your telegram
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Bosh gapdagi kesim hozirgi yoki kel
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REAL SHART GAPLAR 1. Real shart gap
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3. Ish-harakatning yuz berish ehtim
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Why didn’t you tell me about it?
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2. Agar ergash gap that bog‘lovch
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WISH GAPLAR Wish noreal shart gapga
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In all probability, the steamer wil
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He said: «We agree to accept your
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NOTO‘G‘RI
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MUNDARIJA FE‘L . . . . . . . . .
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Shakli bir-biriga mos keladigan bog
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INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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